1 STATUS OF MARINE SHRIMP FARMING IN BANGLADSEH BANGLADESH SHRIMP FOUNDATION by Mahmudul Karim by Mahmudul Karim

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.Cover slide 2.Table of contents 3.Introduction 4.Shrimp + prawn no. 2 export commodity earning us$350 – 360 million 5.Shrimp farm locations, area and numbers 6.Hatchery development 7.Level of farming 8.Closed system farming 9.Industry being organized 10.Issues 1.Cover slide 2.Table of contents 3.Introduction 4.Shrimp + prawn no. 2 export commodity earning us$350 – 360 million 5.Shrimp farm locations, area and numbers 6.Hatchery development 7.Level of farming 8.Closed system farming 9.Industry being organized 10.Issues

3 2. INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a small country with large population Poverty Reduction central theme of national policy Agricultural land area constantly declining Farmers urgently need income increase from their limited land holdings to meet minimum necessities of life Farming of marine shrimp has emerged as a significant economic activity in rural Bangladesh since 1970’s Shrimp and prawn increasingly gaining importance for poverty reduction and export earnings Bangladesh is a small country with large population Poverty Reduction central theme of national policy Agricultural land area constantly declining Farmers urgently need income increase from their limited land holdings to meet minimum necessities of life Farming of marine shrimp has emerged as a significant economic activity in rural Bangladesh since 1970’s Shrimp and prawn increasingly gaining importance for poverty reduction and export earnings

4 3. SHRIMP + PRAWN N0. 2 EXPORT COMMODITY EARNING US$350 – 360 MILLION 5 – 7% to national total export earnings 70% to total export earnings from agri- based primary products: crustaceans, fish, tea, raw jute, vegetables, … Total export of processed shrimp + prawn = 35,000 MT: 95% farm origin 85% shrimp, 15% prawn 5 – 7% to national total export earnings 70% to total export earnings from agri- based primary products: crustaceans, fish, tea, raw jute, vegetables, … Total export of processed shrimp + prawn = 35,000 MT: 95% farm origin 85% shrimp, 15% prawn Contributions of shrimp and prawn to exports of agri. primary commodities

5 4. SHRIMP FARM LOCATIONS, AREA AND NUMBERS 60,000 farms; av. area of about 3 ha Coverage:170, ,000 ha Major farming areas: seven coastal districts shown in grey Nearly 600,000 people engaged directly in the shrimp-based industry 60,000 farms; av. area of about 3 ha Coverage:170, ,000 ha Major farming areas: seven coastal districts shown in grey Nearly 600,000 people engaged directly in the shrimp-based industry

6 5. HATCHERY DEVELOPMENT 55 marine shrimp hatcheries, mostly along the high saline southeastern cost of Cox’s Bazar Most hatcheries open type; a few closed type 2004: Hatcheries produced nearly 7 billion PL; as against current stocking need 4.5 billion Although banned in 2000, collection of the wild fry still continues, though on a reduced scale Brood-stock or PL screening by PCR machine has just started on a limited scale 55 marine shrimp hatcheries, mostly along the high saline southeastern cost of Cox’s Bazar Most hatcheries open type; a few closed type 2004: Hatcheries produced nearly 7 billion PL; as against current stocking need 4.5 billion Although banned in 2000, collection of the wild fry still continues, though on a reduced scale Brood-stock or PL screening by PCR machine has just started on a limited scale

7 6. LEVEL OF FARMING TECHNOLOGY Open system traditional culture, no artificial feed No use of antibiotics Penaeus monodon major culture species Other shrimp (P. indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros and M. dobsonii ) and fish like mullet, tilapia, etc auto-stocked P. monodon, carp and prawn mixed culture in low saline areas Farming mostly, in rotation with paddy or salt Stocking rate normally 2.5 PL / M 2 Shrimp production rate 200 – 300 Kg/ha/yr Open system traditional culture, no artificial feed No use of antibiotics Penaeus monodon major culture species Other shrimp (P. indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros and M. dobsonii ) and fish like mullet, tilapia, etc auto-stocked P. monodon, carp and prawn mixed culture in low saline areas Farming mostly, in rotation with paddy or salt Stocking rate normally 2.5 PL / M 2 Shrimp production rate 200 – 300 Kg/ha/yr

8 7. CLOSED SYSTEM FARMING WSSV disease and concomitant shrimp mortality and economic losses are a recurrent feature since 1994 Closed system culture has recently started in approx. 125 ha with WSSV screened PL Bleaching powder at ppm as pond disinfectant; of late, trichlorofon at 2ppm Production rate up to 8 MT/ ha achieved in selected farms, but 1.0 – 1.5 MT favoured from environmental point of view WSSV disease and concomitant shrimp mortality and economic losses are a recurrent feature since 1994 Closed system culture has recently started in approx. 125 ha with WSSV screened PL Bleaching powder at ppm as pond disinfectant; of late, trichlorofon at 2ppm Production rate up to 8 MT/ ha achieved in selected farms, but 1.0 – 1.5 MT favoured from environmental point of view

9 8. INDUSTRY BEING ORGANIZED BSF is trying to organize shrimp industry stakeholder groups under one umbrella to ensure the following: - Better understanding and coordination along the entire chain of the industry - Traceability, food safety, environmental sustainability and social acceptability of the shrimp produced, processed and exported BSF extending support to Exporters Association to achieve a target production of 225,000 MT and an earning of US$ 2 billion by 2012; marine shrimp is to meet 70 – 80% share in future BSF is trying to organize shrimp industry stakeholder groups under one umbrella to ensure the following: - Better understanding and coordination along the entire chain of the industry - Traceability, food safety, environmental sustainability and social acceptability of the shrimp produced, processed and exported BSF extending support to Exporters Association to achieve a target production of 225,000 MT and an earning of US$ 2 billion by 2012; marine shrimp is to meet 70 – 80% share in future

10 9. ISSUES Farm infrastructure improvements Group farming to benefit small farmers Technology improvements to prevent WSSV disease and production increase PCR screened PL on a large scale Cheap and effective pond disinfectants Effective field kit for quick WSSV screening Cheap, yet effective feed Codes of conducts and their implementation Traceability, quality assurance at all levels Farm infrastructure improvements Group farming to benefit small farmers Technology improvements to prevent WSSV disease and production increase PCR screened PL on a large scale Cheap and effective pond disinfectants Effective field kit for quick WSSV screening Cheap, yet effective feed Codes of conducts and their implementation Traceability, quality assurance at all levels

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