Project No. : 01 Project Name: Understanding the Scope and Principles of Landscape Planning and Design in Regional and Local Context Prepared by: Fariba Siddiq ( )

LANDSCAPE  Landscape involves habitat, cultural climate and geographical field.  It means integration of natural and cultural environment of mankind.  Landscape includes the visible features of an area of land, including: 1. living elements, both plants and animals 2. abstract elements such as the weather and lighting conditions Figure: Plants Figure: Animals

3.natural elements such as landforms, terrain shape and elevation, or water bodies 4.manmade elements which includes structures, buildings, fences, other material objects created by human Figure: Water body Figure: Sloping landform Figure: Sitting arrangements Figure: Pathways and buildings

LANDSCAPING  Landscaping is both science and art.  It is the activity which modifies flora, fauna, manmade structures, abstract elements and requires good observation and design skills.  A good landscaper understands the elements of nature and construction and blends them accordingly.  To execute a pleasing and successful landscape design, we need to understand the right element, scale of the plan and the main objective of the plan.  It is important to justify the reason for which it has been designed.

LANDSCAPE PLANNING  Landscape planning can be defined as the scientific study of landscapes to assess past, current, and future capabilities.  Its aim is to support different land uses that also accounts for environmental and ecological health.  Landscape Planning is a branch of Landscape Architecture.

SCOPE OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING Redesigning public and all fresco areas in order to attain ecological, sociological, developmental and artistic products is referred to as landscape architecture. The scope of landscape architecture is very wide as one could opt for 1.ecological designing, 2.urban designing, 3.sustainable development projects, 4.site planning and forming, 5.storm water management, 6.urban planning, urban renewal planning,

7. environmental restoration, landscape assessment, coastal development, park shaping, 8. recreational area planning, 9. visual resource management, 10. historical restoration landscaping, green infrastructure planning, 11. private estate or residence planning and many more in fields of planning, management Figure: Preservation of environment Figure: Recreational area

SCALE  Spatial characters of a landscape planning vary with the proportion and scale of the project.  This spatial scale of landscape planning can be well described in the following two levels. 1. Local scale 2. Regional scale Local scale :  Landscape planning is done in comparatively smaller scale.  It’s aim is to adorn a particular site with more specific detailing. Figure : Local level plan of Shanghai Houtan Park

Regional Scale:  A region includes specific places, boundaries allow communities and initiatives to self-select.  Regional scale landscape plans have unity of character.  It is due to particular combinations of landform and land cover, and a distinct pattern of elements.  The main objective of regional scale landscape designing is to enhance and respect the Diagnostic Features of distinctive area in accordance with the national framework framework.  For implementation of the plan, general principle and framework must be translated into effective local action Figure : Regional level plan of Naples Botanical Garden

AIMS OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING  To attain aesthetic, horticultural and environmental sustainability through design  To restore and reinforce the appeal of uniqueness of particular site  To flourish the tourism of the country by attracting the tourists  To protect, conserve and develop certain parts of nature and landscapes and biotic communities of wild species of fauna and flora Figure : Landscape flourishing Tourism Figure : Restoring uniqueness of site Figure : Protection of Wild species

MEANS OF LANDSCAPE PLANNING  Landscape is a large subset of the environment, which involves both natural and physical resources.  Landscape planning can be performed both in formal and informal way. Figure: Informal way Figure: Formal way 1. Formal way: Formal landscape design is mainly regular in shape, symmetrical, steady. 2. Informal way: Informal landscape design is mainly curvy in shape, diversified and dimensional.

Regional level planning University of Illinois Arboretum  Location: at the intersection of Florida and Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois  Total coverage of land: 160 acres  Shape: Rectangular Figure: Plan of University of Illinois Arboretum

 To organize the visual elements and the existing setting of the site to result in a convenient and pleasant one for the users  To discover, interpret and propagate knowledge in the botanical and zoological disciplines  To offer more active and passive recreational opportunities in natural ecosystems and within an attractive and functional landscapes  To bring the residents in close proximity of nature and make an eco friendly environment  To preserve the existing biodiversity and to provide the students an exceptional "living laboratory” AIMS OF THE PROJECT

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT  Preservation of the existing ecosystem and promotion of biodiversity  Provision of an aesthetically enriched setting for education, research, conservation and enjoyment  Flourishing of tourism  Provision of diverse and adequate recreational facilities  Representing the city image with a unique landscape image  Utilization of the Arboretum, for both educational and entertainment purposes  Supporting the teaching, research and public service programs of several units by the usage of the living laboratory

LANDSCAPING MATERIALS  Plants: Ornamental grounds, orchards and forest plantations are the main elements of the planning of the arboretum. Herbs: Rose, Summer Savory, Garlic, Rosemary, Sage, Mint, Oregano, Lavender, Lemon, Marjoram Shrubs: Indigo bush, Black Chokeberry, Hazelnut, Winterberry, Prairie Willow Trees: Sugar Maple,Hackberry,Honey locust, Black Walnut,Tulip Poplar,Oak, Silver Linden,American Elm, Deciduous Figure : Shrubs of Arboretum Figure : Trees of Arboretum

 Wildlife: A butterfly park has been designed which is the safe habitat and breeding place of various species of butterflies. A bee laboratory is also an important part where research is conducted on bees.  Structures, pathways and water body: A zigzag water body restoration has been an important element for the beautification of the arboretum. The curvilinear pathways, an amphitheatre, the different faculties built in harmony with the gardens’ setting have been significant parts for the enhancement of the arboretum’s exquisiteness. LANDSCAPING MATERIALS Figure : Wildlife of Arboretum Figure : Amphitheatre

PARTS OF THE ARBORETUM  CORE GARDENS AREA: consists of a series of square and rectangular garden units aligned with the surrounding street grid Rich and varied gardens are organized within a geometric frame of paths, structures and framing plants Developed sections in the Core Garden area are as follows: Welcome Garden – The Noel Welcome Garden provides a friendly gathering place and the invitation to contemplate the beauty of the outdoors. This is the entrance of the arboretum. Figure : Noel’s Welcome Garden Figure : Plan of Core Garden

Hartley Garden– This zone contains a 3-acre garden with All American Selections trial ground and annual and perennial beddings. Japan House – This zone consists of tea garden, dry or Zen garden. The house is not generally open to the public. Idea Garden –This zone is a section specially designed for children. It has got six areas including borders, ornamentals, vegetables, children's, and Special Projects. Others: Miles C Hartley Selections Garden, Hosta Garden, Butterfly Garden, Youth Garden, Herb Garden, Shade Garden, and Enabling Garden. PARTS OF THE ARBORETUM Figure : Hartley Garden Figure : Idea Garden

PARTS OF THE ARBORETUM Circulation: A shared use bicycle and pedestrian path has been designed along the north boundary of the Core Gardens Area which has been separated from the paths used by garden visitors.  POND AREA: The overall character of this part of the Arboretum has been designed as a parkland of spacious lawns surrounded by beautiful trees. Trees and shrubs are massed to frame open lawn areas all around. Planting on the east side of the Pond and on the conifer hill are designed with an understanding of its role in the composition of views from Japan House. Figure : Pond of the Arboretum Figure : Curvilinear Pathways

Existing patterns of tree, “sun openings” for casting shade, creation of wind barrier with the trees have been considered while preparing the plan. An amphitheater has been developed on the south slope of the hill adjacent to Orchard Drive, taking advantage of the natural contour of the land. Circulation: Two paths link the Core Gardens Area, through the Pond Area, to the Arboretum to the south. A curvilinear path has been designed to fit to the existing contour adjacent to the land.  THE COLLECTIONS AREA: The Collections Area consists of the area between the Pond Area and Windsor Road. PARTS OF THE ARBORETUM

The Collections Area is divided along a central north-south line into an East Area and a West Area by a tree lined avenue. The area consists of natural communities of plants composed to replicate the character of woodlands, savanna and prairie landscapes. Circulation: With the exception of the tree lined avenue and Hazelwood Drive extended, all of the paths are curvilinear in their configuration. PARTS OF THE ARBORETUM Figure : Tree lined Avenue Figure : Plan of Collections Area

 convenient accessibility by keeping provision for pedestrians, bicyclists and private vehicles and sufficient parking provision  pathways are mostly curvilinear which has followed the natural contours and gradient  adjacent land use is mainly farming communities which terminate the chance of encroachment of surrounding areas by urban sprawl  part of a campus which has enhanced the recreational opportunities for the students along with the opportunity of having a natural laboratory  an eco friendly approach to preserve the existing biodiversity and make a convenient habitat for them POSITIVE ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT

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