Mr. Altorfer Science Types of Interactions (Relationships) Section 18.3 Pages 490 to 497

Limiting Factors Why can’t I put more than one gallon of milk into this container? What factor limits how much milk I can put into this container?

Limiting Factors  Why don’t populations grow without stopping?  Limiting factors prevent populations from getting too big!  Limiting Factors: A resource that is so scarce (rare) that it limits the size of a population. –Examples: food, water, light, living space living space

What are some of the limiting factors in the desert?

What are limiting factors in the jungle?

What are limiting factors in a cave?

What about a limiting factor here?

Carrying Capacity Could this guy possible carry any more?

Carrying Capacity  Carrying Capacity- The largest population that an environment can support at any given time.

Competition What are these two men competing for?

Competition  Competition- When two or more individuals or populations try to use the same resource. –Examples: water, food, shelter, space, sunlight

Predator and Prey  Who eats who?  Prey- An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism.  Predator- The organism that eats the prey.

Which animal is the predator? Which animal is the prey? I can out run this dude! Hey, slow down! I just want to talk.

Predator and Prey PPPPredator Adaptations- Characteristics that help predators capture their prey. –E–E–E–Examples: speed, sharp teeth, camouflage

What are the adaptations that these animals have that make them better at catching their prey?

Predator and Prey  Prey Adaptations- Characteristics that help prevent them from being eaten.

Prey Adaptations –Camouflage: Coloration pattern that helps them blend in with their surroundings. Example: Walking Stick Example: Walking Stick

Prey Adaptations  Defensive Chemicals: Release a harmful/deadly chemical. Example: Poison Arrow Frog Example: Poison Arrow Frog

Prey Adaptations  Warning Coloration- Bright colors and patterns let predators know that the prey is poisonous. –Examples:

Symbiosis  Symbiosis- A close, long-term association between two or more species. The individuals in a symbiotic relationship can benefit, be harmed, or be unaffected by the relationship.

The Three Types of Symbiosis  1) Mutualism: A relationship in which both species benefit. –Example: Clown Fish and Sea Anemones

The Three Types of Symbiosis  2) Commensalism: A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected. –Example: Cattle Egret and cattle.

The Three Types of Symbiosis  Parasitism- A relationship in which one species, the parasite, benefits and the other, the host is harmed. –Example: Mosquitoes and people.