Notes #18: SPECIES INTERACTIONS Part 2 PP 403-404 Warm up 3-31: Using: + = good & - = bad explain which types of symbiosis correspond to: (+/+)(+/-) (+/0)

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Notes #18: SPECIES INTERACTIONS Part 2 PP Warm up 3-31: Using: + = good & - = bad explain which types of symbiosis correspond to: (+/+)(+/-) (+/0)

PREDATION (+/-) one species eats another species predator : eater and prey : eaten Types: carnivores, herbivores

cyclic in nature – ↑ in prey leads to ↑ in predators (vice versa) Adaptations in prey for defense against predators PREY: SEA URCHINS PREDATOR: SEA STARS

RESPONSES TO PREDATION camouflage : Cryptic coloration disguises an animal so it ’ s less visible to predators or prey

warning coloration : intended not to camouflage an organism but to make it more noticeable - Bright coloring, scent, or taste to warn potential aggressors

mimicry : physical (or behavioral resemblance) of one species to another 1. natural selection of a second moth species favors moths who look like the bad tasting species (bright colors) 2. color patterns may be similar

moment of truth defenses : action by prey just before death that is unexpected by predator

alluring coloration : animals are colored so a predator's attention is drawn to a non-vital part of the prey's body

Species Interactions  Plant Prey Adaptations -adaptations work towards protecting the plant from being eaten Ex/ Physical Defenses – thorns, spines, sticky hairs and tough leaves Chemical Defense – poisonous, irritating or bad tasting Secondary Compounds – chemicals that are a byproduct of the plants metabolism Ex/ Strychnine, Capsacian & Nicotine

Homework Turn in Notebook (1 pile) Turn in Warm-ups (2 nd Pile) 3/5/14 - 3/31/14 Response to Predation Trifold Vocab: Interspecific Competition Intraspecific Competition Mutualism Commensalism Symbiosis Species Richness Species Evenness Primary Species Pioneer Species

Warm-up 4/1 What is resource/niche partitioning? What is competitive exclusion?