Renaissance Art Ms. Pugh Some slides have been adapted from other teacher’s PPTs. Special thanks to www.historyteacher. net for some of these slides.

What was the Renaissance? Period following the middle ages (1450-1550) “Rebirth” of classical Greece and Rome Began in Italy Moved to northern Europe Rejection of the Middle Age’s emphasis on religion

Renaissance Art Art in the Renaissance was reborn due to the influence of several factors.. Return to the Greeks & Romans Scientific Revolution leads to greater understanding of anatomy and perspective = more realistic paintings. New idea of self and human achievement as new continents were discovered and conquered. Protestant Reformation allowed for individual artists to question traditional teaching.

Characteristics of Renaissance Culture and Art Humanism – glorification of human achievements Individualism – role of individual in society without need to associate with religious or family group

Lorenzo the Magnificent Cosimo de Medici 1517 - 1574 1478 - 1521

Florence Under the Medici Medici Chapel The Medici Palace

The Early Renaissance Began in Florence, Italy. The first major artists of this period were Masaccio, Donatello, and Botticelli. Rejected art of the Middle Ages

Glorified Art of the Classical Age

Painting During the Middle Ages

Brunelleschi’s Dome

Dome Comparisons Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

Masaccio 1401-1428 First since Giotto to paint the human figure as a real human being. He made figures stand upon their feet. Brought shadows into paintings.

First use of linear perspective! The Trinity Masaccio 1427 What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

Donatello 1386 - 1466 First free standing sculpture since the Classical Era (Greek & Roman) Normally figure has all his weight on one leg (S form).

Botticelli 1444 - 1510 Brings back Classical mythology as acceptable themes in painting.

The High Renaissance Centered in Rome and Venice Focused on composition, ideal proportions, and perspective The most famous were: Leonardo Da Vinci Michelangelo Raphael Titian

Leonardo Da Vinci 1452 - 1519 Renaissance Man Less than 20 of his paintings survive His most famous are the Mona Lisa and Last Supper

Mona Lisa Used chiarascuro to model figures – use of light and dark Three dimensional features No obvious starting and stopping points Perfect blending The smile

The Last Supper First to try to show in art the character of each apostle. Used geometric perspective Used oil/tempera for fresco – not a good idea During WWII wet sandbags sat in front of it leading to massive mildew Is being restored

The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 vertical horizontal Perspective!

Michelangelo 1475 – 1564 Commissioned by the Medici Family of Florence Considered himself first a sculpture Excelled in painting and architecture

Michelangelo’s David

What a difference a century makes!

Michelangelo’s Pieta

Sistine Chapel

Creation of Man

Moses – for Pope Julius’ tomb

Michelangelo the Architect The Dome of St. Peter’s is based upon the Dome in Michelangelo’s hometown of Florence, Italy.

Raphael 1483- 1520 The School of Athens Themes of Greek, Rome, and Renaissance Used pyramidal composition and chiaroscuro

Da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo

The School of Athens – Raphael, details Plato: looks to the heavens [or the IDEAL realm]. Aristotle: looks to this earth [the here and now].

Averroes Hypatia Pythagoras

Zoroaster Ptolemy Euclid

Madonna of the Meadow

Titian 1490 – 1576 Venetian Used strong colors with oil on canvas

Venus of Urbino – Titian, 1558

The Northern Renaissance Centered in the Netherlands Were not inspired by the Classics Looked to nature for inspiration Very detailed, realistic paintings Produced numerous portraits

Jan Van Eyck 1390 – 1441 The Arnolfini Wedding

Massys’ The Moneylender & His Wife, 1514

Bosch 1450 – 1516 Focused on the punishment of sinners Fantasy images (hybrid monsters, half-humans, half-animals) Weird landscaptes Corrupt mankind should suffer

Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1525-1569 Peasant life The Peasant Wedding

The German Renaissance German artists began to lead the Northern Renaissance

Hans Holbein the Younger 1497 – 1543 Numerous portraits

Albrecht Durer 1471 – 1528 Best known for wood cuts

Dürer The Last Supper woodcut, 1510