Emerging Constituents 1

Regulatory Initiatives CDPH: Draft Groundwater Recharge/Reuse Regulation (applied in NPDES permits & WDRs) SWRCB: Blue Ribbon Panel on CECs EPA: Unregulated Contaminants Monitoring Rule 2

Emerging Constituents Workgroup Water Wholesalers Water Retailers Wastewater Treatment Operators Regional Board Staff CDPH Staff USGS Staff Analytical Lab Staff NWRI Staff Environmental NGOs 3

4 SACRAMENTO LOS ANGELES SAN BERNARDINO Colorado River Colorado River Water (CRW) SAN DIEGO State Project Water (SPW) SAN FRANCISCO Santa Ana River (SAR) OCWD/MWDSC/NWRI Study to Characterize ECs in the Santa Ana Watershed

5 EC Characterization for Municipal Effluents CompoundUseMinimumMedianMaximum CaffeineStimulant<5 ng/L14 ng/L1883 ng/L CarbamazepineAnti-convulsant123 ng/L208 ng/L331 ng/L GemfibrozilAnti-cholesterol<5 ng/L22 ng/L1178 ng/L PrimidoneAnti-convulsant84 ng/L146 ng/L171 ng/L SulfamethoxazoleAntibiotic4 ng/L417 ng/L1593 ng/L

6 EC Characterization for Local Surface Waters CompoundUseMinimumMedianMaximum CaffeineStimulant9 ng/L47 ng/L1620 ng/L CarbamazepineAnti-convulsant49 ng/L135 ng/L267 ng/L GemfibrozilAnti-cholesterol<5 ng/L48 ng/L590 ng/L PrimidoneAnti-convulsant41 ng/L90 ng/L146 ng/L SulfamethoxazoleAntibiotic4 ng/L160 ng/L721 ng/L

7 EC Characterization for State Project Water CompoundUseMinimumMedianMaximum CaffeineStimulant<5 ng/L7 ng/L37 ng/L CarbamazepineAnti-convulsant<1 ng/L2 ng/L4 ng/L GemfibrozilAnti-cholesterol<5 ng/L 5 ng/L PrimidoneAnti-convulsant< 2 ng/L2 ng/L10 ng/L SulfamethoxazoleAntibiotic5 ng/L10 ng/L11 ng/L

8 EC Characterization for Colorado River Water CompoundUseMinimumMedianMaximum CaffeineStimulant<5 ng/L CarbamazepineAnti-convulsant<1 ng/L 2 ng/L GemfibrozilAnti-cholesterol<5 ng/L PrimidoneAnti-convulsant<2 ng/L2 ng/L3 ng/L SulfamethoxazoleAntibiotic<1 ng/L 1 ng/L

9 Pharmaceuticals Explanation none detected 1 detected 2 detected 3 detected

10 EC Characterization in Ground Waters CompoundUse# DetectionsDetection %LRL* AcetaminophenAnalgesic3 of 89 wells3%25 ng/L CaffeineStimulant3 of 89 wells3%15 ng/L CarbamazepineAnti-convulsant5 of 89 wells6%30 ng/L SulfamethoxazoleAntibiotic0 of 89 wells0%10 ng/L

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12 Toxicological Relevance Pharmaceutical compounds not detected in 91% of wells tested (n = 89). COMPOUNDNumber of Detections Median Conc. (ng/L) Common Dose (ng) Carbamazepine543200,000,000 Acetaminophen324500,000,000 Caffeine313100,000,000 1,7-Dimethylxanthine ~0.5 million L >20 million L ~7.5 million L

14 Cholecalciferol di-Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate Phytonadione Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Cyanocobalamin Public Information Programs

CholecalciferolVitamin D di-Alpha Tocopheryl AcetateVitamin E PhytonadioneVitamin K Pyridoxine HydrochlorideVitamin B-6 CyanocobalaminVitamin B-12

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19 ECs to be Analyzed ChemicalCategoryCommon Use Acetaminophen (aka “Tylenol”)PharmaceuticalOver-the Counter Analgesic Bisphenol-A (BPA)IndustrialPlastic Manufacturing Caffeine (coffee, tea, soft drinks)Food AdditiveNon-Prescription Stimulant CarbamazepinePharmaceuticalPrescription Anti-Convulsant DEET (aka “Off”)PesticideHousehold Insect Repellent DiuronHerbicideWeed Control Ethynylestradiol/EthinylestradiolHormonePrescription GemfibrozilPharmaceuticalPrescription Anti-Cholesterol Ibuprofen (aka “Advil”)PharmaceuticalOver-the-Counter Analgesic SulfamethoxazolePharmaceuticalPrescription Antibiotic TCEPIndustrialFlame Retardant

20 Sampling Locations & Frequency Sampling SiteSampling Frequency Sample Type Responsible Agency [1] [1] Final Effluent from All Wastewater Treatment Plants [2] [2] Annually24-hour Composite Permitted Operator State Project Devil CanyonAnnuallyRepresentative Grab MWDSC Colorado San Jacinto West Portal AnnuallyRepresentative Grab MWDSC Santa Ana River near MWD Crossing2x/yearRepresentative Grab OCWD Santa Ana River near Prado Dam2x/yearRepresentative Grab OCWD

Emerging Constituents 21