Research Designs [Professor Name] [Class and Section Number]

What do you think? 1.The more highly educated a woman is the fewer children she is likely to have. 2.The less time students spend on Facebook the better their grades are.

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Trade-offs Methods Activity: Build a Study

Experimental Research  Does highlighting improve retention of information?  Randomly draw names  Assign them to highlight  Other half no highlighting

Experimental Research  Research or intuition?  Independent variable?  Dependent variable?  Importance of random assignment? Discussion  Does highlighting improve retention of information?

Experimental Research Placebo Effect  Confounding variables?  Participant demands affect outcomes?  Experimenter expectations influence outcomes? Discussion

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Trade-offs Methods Activity: Build a Study

Correlation is not Causation FacebookDepressionFacebookDepressionFacebook Depression No Friends

Activity: Correlation Coefficient Relationships  Time on social media & exam scores  Animal-lover & owning a cat  Having a sweet tooth & number of desserts consumed Correlation Coefficient r=.75, r= -.50, r=.20

Correlational Designs  Which correlation is stronger? Why?  Which correlation is positive? Why?  Which graph represents o r= -.21? r=.90? o Highlighting study? o Caffeine study?  Why can’t a researcher say beliefs about caffeine cause greater alertness? Discussion

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Trade-offs Methods Activity: Build a Study

Surveys  Describe how surveys were used in the caffeine study.  Describe other uses of surveys.  Benefits? Discussion

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Trade-offs Methods Activity: Build a Study

Quasi-Experimental Design  No random assignment  Different independent variables  Problems

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Trade-offs Methods Activity: Build a Study

Longitudinal Studies  What are the key characteristics of a longitudinal study?  What are the benefits of longitudinal studies?  What are some of the challenges? Discussion

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Methods & Trade-offs Activity: Build a Study

Methods & Trade-offs  Which of the previously discussed research designs is the best?  Trade-offs  Mass Misconception Mass Misconception Discussion

Overview Experimental Research Correlational Designs Surveys Quasi-Experimental Design Longitudinal Designs Methods & Trade-offs Activity: Build a Study

Tasks  Get into groups  Answer the question, “Does exercise improve mood?” Instructions  Design a correlational study to address question.  Design a quasi-experimental study to address question.  What materials will you need?  What measures will you use?  How much time will it take?  How will data be collected?  Discuss strengths, weaknesses, and problems with each design.

Photo Attribution Slide 1 Photo Credit: Jon Gosier Slide 5 Photo Credit: Linh H. Nguyen Slide 13 Photo Credit: Nina Matthews Photography Slide 15 Photo Credit: steinchen. Slide 17 Photo Credit: Vox Efx Slide 19 Photo Credit: Rance Costa