Catalyst 5/12/14  Write down and answer the following question on your Catalyst sheet:  What is the main difference between barbiturates and benzodiazepines?

Caffeine 5/12/14

How much do you know about caffeine?  TRUE OR FALSE:  1. Caffeine isn’t addictive  2. Caffeine is not as dangerous as other drugs  3. Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world  4. A can of Coke has more caffeine than a cup of coffee  5. Caffeine makes you pee more

Answers  1. False  2. True  3. True  4. False  5. True

Caffeine  Stimulant  Temporarily increases physical and mental functions  Legal & found in a wide variety of products  Soft drinks  Coffee  Tea  Chocolate  Most popular drug on the planet!  120,000 tons consumed per year

Sources of Caffeine  Coffee beans  Kola nuts (cola)  Cocoa beans (chocolate)  Guarana (energy drinks)

Effects of Caffeine  Increased alertness  Increased focus  Improved physical performance  Increased urinary output (you pee more)  Anxiety (“the jitters”)  Caffeinism = caffeine addiction  Nervousness, irritability, restlessness, headaches

How Caffeine Works  There is a chemical called adenosine that is made naturally in the body  Adenosine suppresses brain & nerve activity and blocks release of certain neurotransmitters  Caffeine works by blocking adenosine action  When caffeine blocks adenosine, there is more release of neurotransmitters, leading to stimulating effects

Mini-Lab: Caffeine & Memory  We just talked about how caffeine improves brain activity and focus…  Does it also improve memory?

Mini-Lab: Caffeine & Memory  The class will be split into two groups: Group A and Group B  Both groups will perform Memory Test 1 at the same time  Remember and write down as many numbers as you can after looking at the numbers for 30 seconds  One group will drink soda that is caffeinated, the other group will drink soda without caffeine  Both groups will perform Memory Test 2 at the same time

Caffeine Video

Post-Lab Reflection Questions  Why was the name of the soda hidden from you during the experiment?  Was there a placebo effect ? How do you know?  Placebo effect = effect that is observed even without the actual drug  What would you do differently next time for better results?

10.6 Cocaine 5/12/14

Cocaine  Stimulant  Temporarily increases physical and mental functions  Increases alertness, feelings of well-being, energy, and activity  Increases anxiety, paranoia, and restlessness  Comes from the coca plant

History of Cocaine  South American indigenous peoples have chewed coca leaves for over a thousand years  Late 1800s - Used as a painkiller medicine  1980s - Crack cocaine sold by drug dealers and became popular in Los Angeles, leading to the crack epidemic  Crack cocaine is a cheaper, smokeable form of cocaine

Coca-Cola ad (1902)

Drugs, Inc.: Cocaine  Follow along with the documentary and answer the questions in your notes

Achieve3000 Time!  Go to on your iPadswww.achieve3000.com  Go to Mailbox, then click on “5/12/14 Assignment: Mind-Bending Technology”  Do the following:  Before Reading Poll  Article  Activity  After Reading Poll