© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases Some ants can give painful stings when threatened or disturbed. Certain ant species called formicines have poison glands that produce venom containing formic acid. You will learn the names and formulas of some important acids such as formic acid. 9.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Slide 2 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases Naming Acids What are the three rules for naming acids? 9.4

Slide 3 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > An acid is a compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water. Acids have various uses. 9.4 Naming Acids

Slide 4 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > Three rules can help you name an acid with the general formula H n X. When the name of the anion (X) ends in -ide, the acid name begins with the prefix hydro-. The stem of the anion has the suffix -ic and is followed by the word acid. 9.4 Naming Acids

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 5 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > Naming Acids When the anion name ends in -ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ous, followed by the word acid. 9.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 6 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > When the anion name ends in -ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ic followed by the word acid. 9.4 Naming Acids

Slide 7 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > A Summary of the Three Rules for Naming Acids. 9.4 Naming Acids

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Slide 8 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases Writing Formulas for Acids How are the formulas of acids determined? 9.4

Slide 9 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > Use the rules for writing the names of acids in reverse to write the formulas for acids. What is the formula for hydrobromic acid? Following Rule 1, hydrobromic acid (hydro- prefix and -ic suffix) must be a combination of hydrogen ion (H + ) and bromide ion (Br – ). The formula of hydrobromic acid is HBr. 9.4 Writing Formulas for Acids

Slide 10 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > 9.4 Writing Formulas for Acids

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall > Slide 11 of 19 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases Names and Formulas for Bases How are bases named? 9.4 Names and Formulas for Bases

Slide 12 of 19 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases > Bases are named in the same way as other ionic compounds—the name of the cation is followed by the name of the anion. For example, aluminum hydroxide consists of the aluminum cation (Al 3+ ) and the hydroxide anion (OH – ). The formula for aluminum hydroxide is Al(OH) Names and Formulas for Bases

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 13 of Section Quiz 1.The name for H 2 S(aq) is a)sulfuric acid. b)hydrosulfuric acid. c)sulfurous acid. d)hydrosulfurous acid.

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 14 of 19 2.The chemical formula for chlorous acid is a)HClO 2. b)HClO 3. c)HClO 4. d)HCl. 9.4 Section Quiz

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 15 of 19 3.The correct chemical name for NH 4 OH is a)nitrogen tetrahydrogen hydroxide. b)nitrogen pentahydrogen oxide. c)ammonium oxyhydride. d)ammonium hydroxide. 9.4 Section Quiz