Chapter 21: People with Special Needs. 446 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 21: People with Special Needs

446 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Communicating with an Ill or Injured Child  You need to reduce the child’s anxiety and panic and gain the child’s trust and cooperation if possible.  Move in slowly.  Keep a calm voice.  Smile at the child.  Ask the child’s name.  Talk slowly and distinctly.  Explain to the child and parents or guardian what you are going to do.  Reassure the child.  Children act differently depending on their age.  Ask the parent or guardian for consent to give care.

447 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Children & Injury, Illness, & Poisoning  Injury MVA Bleeding Head injury  Illness High fever (do not give aspirin)  Poisoning

448 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Child Abuse  Child abuse An injury that does not fit the description of what caused the injury. Obvious or suspected fractures in a child younger than 2 years of age or any unexplained fractures. Bruises and burns in unusual shapes.  Injuries in various stages of healing, especially bruises and burns.  Unexplained lacerations and burns, especially to the mouth, lips and eyes.  Injuries to the genitalia; pain when the child sits down.  More injuries than are typical for a child of that age.  The child’s unwillingness to talk about the situation.  Explain your concerns to responding police officers or EMS personnel if possible.  Report your suspicions to Department of Social Services, the Department of Child and Family Services or Child Protective Services.

449 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)  SIDS is a disorder that causes seemingly healthy infants to stop breathing while they sleep.  SIDS is a leading cause of death among children ages 1 month to 1 year.  Care for the child as you would other cardiac arrest victims. Perform CPR and have someone call 9–1–1 or the local emergency number.  An incident involving a severely injured or ill infant or child or one who has died can be emotionally upsetting.

450 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Checking an Older Adult  Check an older adult may be difficult.  Learn the victim’s name.  Be respectful.  Position yourself at the victim’s eye level.  Assess the cause of any confusion the victim is experiencing.  Confusion may be a result of impaired vision or hearing loss. Find the victims glasses or other aids.  Speak slowly and clearly and look at the person’s face while you talk.  Find out if the victim is using medications or has known medical conditions.  Recognize that the victim may minimize signals of an injury for fear of losing his or her independence.

451 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. People with Disabilities  General guidelines for approaching an ill or injured person whom you believe is in some way disabled include—  Speaking to the person before touching him or her.  Asking if or how you can help.  Asking the person, any available family or friends for information about his or her condition.  Not removing any physical aids or supports.  Looking for medical alert identification.  Keeping an animal guide with the person.

452 AMERICAN RED CROSS FIRST AID–RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES FOURTH EDITION Copyright © 2005 by The American National Red Cross All rights reserved. Special Situations  There are some situations in which you should not become involved, such as a crime scene or a hostile victim.  Suicide.  Physical assault or sexual assault.  Hostile victim.