INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE IEA Policies and Measures Database Julia Reinaud Energy Efficiency and Environment Division IEA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Objective Description/database structure Review and update process Access Trends in PAMs

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Objective The Dealing with Climate Change website allows the user to search a detailed database of information on polices and measures taken or planned by IEA Member countries to reduce energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Currently, the database contains over 1000 records covering all policies and measures taken or planned since

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Description/database structure Pre-defined fields  Country name,  Year implemented/planned,  or Current status,  Policy type ( Fiscal, RD&D, regulatory instrument, Policy Process & Outreach, Tradable permits, VA),  Sector,  Energy source. Open fields

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Review and update process On a yearly basis The secretariat collects information throughout the calendar year At the end of the year, the secretariat updates the database based on this information A password protected website accessible only to IEA delegates to review and update existing records (3 months)  the database is the official sanction of governments on an annual basis of their climate/energy policies.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Access:

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Access:

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Access:

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Access:

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Fiscal measures  Almost 1/3 of all new measures taken or planned in the past four years, over 20 per cent of the PAMs implemented in 2003  Few new tax measures directly related to energy use or carbon emissions were initiated E.g. Energy Tax on fossil fuels in Japan  Vast majority developed to provide incentives (subsidies, tax credits or feed-in tariffs) for: Energy efficiency improvements ( in the transport sector: France, Japan; to homeowners: US), Renewable energy sources in building, energy production and transport sectors, Emerging low carbon technologies

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Regulatory instruments  A new set of laws or the introduction of mandates and standards  Another important policy tool increasingly used by IEA Member countries over the past couple of years Regulatory policies or reforms  E.g. EU to promote CHP, Climate Change Plan for Canada Mandates and standards are also often used to promote energy efficiency, or renewable sources of energy  E.g. ensure that a minimum proportion of biofuels and other renewable fuels is placed on their markets: Sweden, EU  E.g. mandatory labelling: Australia; Top Runner Programme Japan

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Voluntary agreements  In 2003, the same number of voluntary agreement (VA) policies as in 2002, was implemented.  They often contain a target and a time schedule to achieve it.  In the environmental policy mix of IEA countries, voluntary measures are most often used in combination with one or more other instruments as part of “policy mixes”.  in 2003 most frequently set-up between governments and the transport or industry sector. E.g. SmartWay Transport Partnership USA, Australia, "High Energetic Performance" label France

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Policy Processes and Outreach  most broadly used category of policy instruments with fiscal measures.  A clear distinction between: ‘planning’ policies (consultation, strategic planning, and institutional development) ‘outreach’ policies (information dissemination, and advisory efforts)  Planning policies are the backbone of GHG mitigation programmes E.g. UK Energy White Paper  often involve the creation of specific institutions or aid in implementation E.g. Belgian National Climate Commission  Outreach policies aim to inform and advise people or organisations on how to reduce their GHG emissions efficiently

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Research, Development & Demonstration (RD&D)  mainly focused on the development of cleaner technologies notably with respect to hydrogen-based technologies  In 2003, several countries (Canada, Japan or the United States) and regions (European Union) stressed their will to accelerate the development and commercialisation of fuel cells E.g. International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy  support bio-fuelled and renewable energy systems and technologies E.g. Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF)

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Trends in PAMs Tradable Permits  GHG tradable permits, Emissions trading consist of tradable permits and project-based programmes (CDM, JI) at a country level in Canada, Japan, Norway at a state or more local level in countries such as Australia and the United States.  renewable energy certificates, E.g. Sweden, EU Directive on electricity labelling  energy efficiency trading.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY AGENCE INTERNATIONALE DE L’ENERGIE Questions are welcome To fight against climate change, countries have adopted a portfolio of policies and measures Countries may wish to use this information to prepare National Communications