The Plymouth Colony Chapter 4 Lesson 3 Pages 162-167

Objectives Learn how people lived in the Plymouth Colony Describe the cooperation and conflict between settlers and Native Americans. Explain how English settlers developed ways to govern themselves

The Pilgrim’s Journey 1614 – John Smith leaves Jamestown to explore north Wrote “A Description of New England” 6 states: Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine

Seeking Religious Freedom English read Smith’s book and thought about moving. Why? Money Religious reasons

Seeking Religious Freedom King Henry VIII – banned the Catholic church in England. Replaced with the Church of England Everyone must belong or punished

Seeking Religious Freedom Pilgrims – person who makes a journey for religious reasons Pilgrims left England for the Netherlands to worship freely Had religious freedom, but didn’t like Dutch way of life. OPTION: Move to North America

Seeking Religious Freedom Virginia Company – paid for their passage Pilgrims would pay them back with furs, lumber, and new land 1620 – left England on a ship called the Mayflower

Seeking Religious Freedom Why did the Pilgrims want to go to North America? To build their own society where everyone shared the same religious beliefs

Mayflower Compact Mayflower was headed for Virginia, but storms blew it off course Landed at Cape Cod in now Massachusetts

Mayflower Compact All men signed a compact to keep order Compact – is an agreement The Mayflower Compact agreed Fair laws would be made that benefited the entire colony They promised to obey these laws

Mayflower Compact Majority Rule – if more than half the people agreed to a law or decision, everyone must follow it Majority Rule was included in the Mayflower Compact

Mayflower Compact Self-Government – The Mayflower compact gave those who signed it the right to govern themselves Very new idea ~ they were used to Monarchs ruling Only Men signed the compact, but woman must obey

Mayflower Compact Pilgrims took several weeks to find a place to settle Chose a site on a harbor: This provided easy access to the Atlantic Ocean for shipping and trade Fresh water and good land for growing crops was close John Smith had already named the area PLYMOUTH

Plymouth William Bradford One of Plymouth’s early governors

Building a Colony Worked hard at making good choices But, first winter was HARD 50 of the 102 settlers died

Building a Colony – Help arrives Samoset – Native American who came in the spring speaking English Came back with Tisquantum also called Squanto Squanto was from the Wampanoag tribe

Building a Colony – Help arrives Squanto – had been taken and sold as a slave in Spain He escaped and spent several years in England before returning back to North America He learned English and was able to communicate with the Pilgrims

Tisquantum – aka Squanto Taught Pilgrims how to plant squash, corn, and pumpkins Also how to fish Both groups benefited from their cooperation (Pilgrims and Wampanoag)

Tisquantum – aka Squanto Squanto helped the colonists trade for furs from other other tribes The Native Americans traded for metal goods and cloth Metal goods used to make tools and jewelry

Plymouth Grows At the beginning all food was divided equally among the colonists In 1623, leaders divided the land among the colonists The result: the people worked harder

Growing Prosperity More colonists came They prospered from farming, fishing, and fur trading However, slow growth the first 10 years By 1630, only 300 colonists

Trouble Starts After 1630, other English came and settled throughout New England Not all were friendly with Native Americans They did not see a need to cooperate with Indians Fights broke out ~ Trade ended

Trouble Starts Once trade ended, life became harder for the colonists and Native Americans William Bradford (who supported peace at the beginning) now wanted war to push out Native Americans

Trouble Starts As homelands for the Native Americans grew smaller, they began to fight with each other over hunting lands

Summary Pilgrims leave Europe to establish a society based on their religious beliefs. Settlers wrote the Mayflower Compact to set up self-government. Early on, Native Americans helped, but as colonists moved into their lands, fighting broke out.

Chapter 4 Review Which nation started colonies in the Americas first? Spain

Chapter 4 Review What did Spain start in the borderlands of New Spain to convert the Native Americans to Christianity? Missions

Chapter 4 Review Which colony made huge profits as a result of tobacco sales to Europe? Virginia

Chapter 4 Review What was England’s first permanent settlement in North America? Jamestown

Chapter 4 Review Which is an example of a primary source? A photograph of reenactors at Jamestown A movie about Pocahontas’s life John Smith’s book “A Description of New England” A recent book about Jamestown

Chapter 4 Review What was a key advantage of the Pilgrims’ building their settlement on a bay? Near the Atlantic ocean and provided easy access to shipping and trade

Chapter 4 Review How did Tisquantum help the first colonists in New England? Taught them how to farm and fish

Chapter 4 Review Why was Jamestown’s location a poor choice for a settlement? The land was swampy and not good for farming

Chapter 4 Review How did missionaries affect native Americans in New Spain? They held ceremonies to make large numbers Catholic. They taught them Catholic beliefs. Some forced them to work as slaves. Were forced to change how they lived and worshipped.

Chapter 4 Review How does the Mayflower Compact form a self-government? The people who signed the compact agreed to make and follow their own laws for the common good.

Chapter 4 Review What kinds of activities made up the early economies of the North American colonies? Farming, ranching, fishing, fur trading, and shipping goods and raw materials back to Europe

Chapter 4 Review Why was the House of Burgesses important? Helped make laws that were needed to keep order. It was also the first representative assembly in the English colonies. It allowed some of the Virginia colonists to elect members to the House of Burgesses who would represent them.

Chapter 4 Review Which is an example of a primary source? John Smith’s book “A Description of New England”