Colonial Mexico The Viceroyalty of New Spain. Consolidating New Spain  The Spanish Claims on America  Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494  Casa de Contratación.

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Presentation transcript:

Colonial Mexico The Viceroyalty of New Spain

Consolidating New Spain  The Spanish Claims on America  Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494  Casa de Contratación (1503, Seville)  Council of the Indies (1524)  Settling New Spain  Extending the Conquest: Nuño de Guzmán, Francisco Coronado, Juan de Oñate  The Legacy of Cortes  The Threat of Foreign Competition

Administering an Empire  The Viceroyalty of New Spain  The “Republic of Spaniards”  The Viceroy  Antonio de Mendoza, Luis de Velasco (the elder)  The Audiencia  Oidores  The Visitador: Royal Oversight  Corregidores, Alcaldes Mayores, or Gobernadores

The Local Context  The Cabildo [Ayuntamiento]  Town Councils  Tensions between Local and Royal Agendas  The Growth of Local Aristocracies  Peninsulares and Criollos: The Distinction Emerges

The “Republic of the Indians”  Corregidores de Indios  The Role of the Cacique  Indian Depopulation  The “Indian Question”  The Encomienda  The Power of Encomenderos  The New Laws of the Indies (1542)  Bartolomé de Las Casas and Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda (the 1550 debate)  The Repartimiento

The Spanish Imperial System  The Imperial Monopoly  Mercantilism  A Fragmentation of Authority  The State as All-Present, but Not All- Powerful  “I Obey but Do Not Comply.”

The Economy of New Spain  The Example of Cortes  The Advance of the Hacienda  Hacendados  Marriage and Entail  An Unstable Elite, at first  Agriculture & Livestock  Mining  Zacatecas, San Luis Postosí  The Quinto (Royal Fifth)  The Beginnings of Manufacturing  Obrajes

Alcoman Monastery

Altar at National Cathedral

Interior View, Cholula Cathedral

Cuernavaca

San Jose Mission, San Antonio

Valladolid

Yaxcabá (in the Yucatán)

The Church in Colonial Mexico  The Spanish “Patronato Real”  Secular and Regular Clergy  The Church vs. the Encomenderos  The Accession of Phillip II (1559)  Eroding the Church’s Position  The Work of Conversion  The Inquisition, 1571  “Syncretism”  Wordliness  Fueros, Property Accumulation

Colonial Society  The Vagaries of Race  Peninsulares, Criollos  Mestizos  Indians  Africans  Becoming “White”  The Status and Role of Women  Population in Mexico

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