Chapter 4.2 Naming Compounds

Naming Ionic Compounds Before you name it, you have to know when you see it!   What is an Ionic Compound? How to identify an Ionic Compound?

Naming Ionic Compounds What is an Ionic Compound? How to identify an Ionic Compound?   Metal and non-metal bonded together Positive and negative ions IONs and IONic compound

Ionic or Covalent Compound? 1. NaCl   2. CH4 3. S5Br18 4. MgO 5. NO

Naming Ionic Compounds (copy) Metal ion = name stays the same Non-metal ion = change the ending to "-ide"   Example: NaCl = Sodium Chloride Na = Sodium Cl = Chlorine >>> change ending to chloride

Naming Ionic Compounds Examples:   1. Li3N 2. CaO 3. ZnS 4. AlP

Naming Ionic Compounds Examples:   1. Li3N = Lithium Nitride 2. CaO = Calcium Oxide 3. ZnS = Zinc Sulphide 4. AlP = Aluminum Phosphide

Chemical Names to Formulas Write the chemical formula of Potassium Iodide.   Find the charge of each ion Potassium ion = K+1 Iodine ion = I-1 The ratio is 1 to 1, so the formula is KI

Chemical Names to Formulas Write the chemical formula of Potassium Oxide.   Find the charge of each ion Potassium ion = K+1 Oxygen ion = O-2 The ratio is 1 to 2, so there must be 2 K for each O = K2O OR cross the charges down

Chemical Names to Formulas Write the chemical formula for Aluminum Nitride.   Find the charge of each ion. Aluminum ion = Al+3 Nitrogen ion = N-3 Ratio is 3 to 3, or Al3N3     Reduce like a fraction. AlN

Practice Problems Textbook Page 187 - formula to names Page 188 - names to formula

Multivalent Metal Ionic Compounds - Multi means more than one - Valent refers to the valence electrons   So multivalent metals are metals with more than one charge. Example: Copper, Cu (#29) It can be Cu+1 or Cu +2 . Need to know which one!

Multivalent Metal Ionic Compounds Write the chemical formula for:   1. Copper (I) fluoride 2. Copper (II) fluoride 3. Copper (II) nitride 4. Copper (II) oxide

Multivalent Metal Ionic Compounds Write the chemical formula for:   1. Copper (I) fluoride = CuF 2. Copper (II) fluoride = CuF2 3. Copper (II) nitride = Cu3N2 4. Copper (II) oxide = CuO

Multivalent Metal Ionic Compounds Use brackets ( ) and Roman numerals (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, ...) in the chemical name.   Examples: Write the chemical name of: 1. CuF 2. CuCl2 3. PbO 4. PbO2

Multivalent Metal Ionic Compounds Use brackets ( ) and Roman numerals (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, ...) in the chemical name.   Examples: Write the chemical name of: 1. CuF = Copper (I) Fluoride 2. CuCl2 = Copper (II) Chloride 3. PbO = Lead (II) Oxide 4. PbO2 = Lead (IV) Oxide

Polyatomic Ions Poly = many atomic = atoms Polyatomic Ions = ions with many different atoms. They stick together, treat them as one thing. Look in the table for the name and formula.   Example: Sodium Nitrate = NaNO3 Sodium ion = Na+ Nitrate ion = NO3-

Polyatomic Ions Use brackets to show how many polyatomic ions.   Example: Zinc Hydroxide Zinc ion = Zn+2 Hydroxide ion = OH-1 Zn(OH)2

Polyatomic Ions Examples Write the name of: 1. LiCH3COO 2. Mg3(PO3)2 3. CrSO4 Write the formula of: 4. Calcium Perchlorate 5. Lead (IV) Chromate 6. Ammonium Sulfite  

Polyatomic Ions Examples Write the name of: 1. LiCH3COO = Lithium Acetate 2. Mg3(PO3)2 = Magnesium Phosphite 3. CrSO4 = Chromium (II) Sulfate Write the formula of: 4. Calcium Perchlorate = Ca(ClO4)2 5. Lead (IV) Chromate = Pb(CrO4)2 6. Ammonium Sulfite = (NH4)2SO3  

Polyatomic Ions Practice Problems Textbook Page 193  

Naming Covalent Compounds Check that it IS a covalent compound first! Two non-metals   Recall: Ionic or Covalent Compound? 1. NaCl 2. CH4 3. S5Br18 4. MgO 5. NO

Naming Covalent Compounds Use a prefix to show how many of each element   First element - name stays the same. Only add a prefix if there is more than one. Second element - change the ending to "-ide" Example: CO2 = Carbon dioxide

Naming Covalent Compounds Prefixes 1    mono 2    di 3    tri 4    tetra 5    penta 6    hexa 7    hepta 8    octa 9    nona                10   deca

Naming Covalent Compounds Examples Write the name of: 1. P2Br3 2. SO4 3. F5O10 Write the formula of: 1. dicarbon trinitride 2. hexaoxygen heptaiodide 3. octabromine monohydride

Naming Covalent Compounds Write the name of: 1. P2Br3 = diphosphorous tribromide 2. SO4 = sulfur tetraoxide 3. F5O10 = pentafluorine decaoxide Write the formula of: 1. dicarbon trinitride = C2N3 2. hexaoxygen heptaiodide = O6I7 3. octabromine monohydride = Br8H

Naming Covalent Compounds Practice Problems Textbook Pg 195

Diatomic Elements H2 = hydrogen N2 = nitrogen O2 = oxygen F2 = fluorine Cl2 = chlorine Br2 = bromine I2 = iodine

Common Mistakes Be careful: Sulfide = S-2          Sulfate = SO4-2       Sulfite = SO3-2 Sulfur tetraoxide = SO4         Sulfur trioxide = SO3   Nitride = N-3            Nitrate = NO3-2            Nitrite = NO2-1 Nitrogen dioxide = NO2              Nitrogen trioxide = NO3

Naming Everything Ionic, Covalent, Multivalent, Polyatomic will all be mixed together. You need to tell them apart to name them.   Practice Problems Textbook Page 197, 201