Valence electrons are involved in bonding. V = ____ To become stable To become stable.

The combining of atoms to form molecules or compounds The combining of atoms to form molecules or compounds. += Soft, metal Poisonous gas

1. Ionic Bonds: formed when atoms lose or gain e - Atoms start off neutral. When they lose or gain e -, they become ions. IONS are charged atoms Occurs between a METAL and a NONMETAL

Sodium Chlorine Electrons either taken or given away + Opposites attract Ionic Bonds Metal to Nonmetal 19

Metals form CATIONS (+) Nonmetals form ANIONS (-) Na Cl Cl Give Away Take in

The (-) ion and (+) ion attract. NaCl NaCl A neutral compound (1+)(1-)

Ionic Bonds The Strongest wins the battle and loses the bone (electron)

Ionic Bonds An ionic bond is the resulting attraction for an anion and a cation after an electron is transferred from the metal to the non-metal

2. Covalent Bonds: formed when atoms share e-; 2. Covalent Bonds: formed when atoms share e-; occurs b/t two nonmetals Diatomic Molecules - atoms of the same element share e - Cl BrINClHOF Cl

Covalent Bonding Dogs of equal strength

Covalent Bonds A covalent bond exists when two electrons are shared by two non- metallic atoms

Ionic Bonds: formed between a metal & non-metal. Covalent Bond: formed between two non-metals.

* Accounts for many physical characteristics of metals, such as strength, malleability, conduction of heat and electricity, etc.strength malleabilityconduction of heat electricity 3. Metallic Bonds: formed when metals bond with other metals. (sea of electrons) (sea of electrons)

Metallic Bonds Mellow dogs with plenty of bones to go around !

Metallic Bonding Metallic bonds are best characterized by the phrase "a sea of electrons”

A quick Review of Bonds : Ionic Covalent Metallic Transfer of electrons creates ions that attract. The sharing of electrons creates. (BrINClHOF) All electrons are shared in a “sea of electrons.” Metal (+)Nonmetal (-) Nonmetal Metal electrons