Good Room/Bad RoomGood Room/Bad Room  Take out a clean sheet of paper. Title it “Good Room, Bad Room” Notes.  Take EVERYTHING OFF YOUR DESK aside from the paper and something to write with.  Two Columns- Good Room/Bad Room

Where do these symbols/images come from?

Overview  16 th Century  More extreme Protestants within the church of England  Wanted to “purify” their national church by eliminating every shred of Catholic influence.  James 1 (King 1603)  Puritans asked to grant reforms- he said NO way!  Charles 1 (1660): failed attempt to rule without Parliament; civil war

4 Convictions4 Convictions  Personal salvation was entirely from god  The Bible provided the indispensible guide to life  Church should reflect the express teaching of scripture  That society was one unified whole

English PuritanismEnglish Puritanism  Known at first for their critical attitude regarding religious compromise made during reign of Elizabeth 1.  Encouraged:  Direct personal religious experience  Sincere moral code  Simple worship services  Christianity should be taken as the focus of human existence  ACT OF UNIFORMITY (1662)  English Puritans expelled from church; considered non- conformists

American PuritanismAmerican Puritanism  17 th Century Puritan groups separated from the church (among these were the Pilgrims who in 1620 founded Plymouth Colony)  10 years later= first large Puritan migration  Richard Mather and John Cotton- Massachusetts Bay  Mainstream Calvanistic thought: Stressed personal religious experiences as “God’s elect”

Separation from the Church of England  17 th Century  Emigrated to the new world  Founded a holy commonwealth  Remained dominant in New England into the 19 th century

Strict and Rigid Puritan Code

Beliefs  Depravity  Unconditional Election; God “saves” those he wishes  Limited atonement: Jesus died for the chosen  Expected to work hard and repress emotions  No tolerance for individual difference  All sins should be punished  God’s Will  Followers of Satan were witches (social outcasts)

DUALITY  Devil was as real as God  Evil versus Good  Dark versus Light  Individualism versus Conformity

Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials

Facts on Salem TrialsFacts on Salem Trials  Over 150 people (78% women) were accused of witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts,  19 people were hanged (14 women and 5 men), and one man was pressed to death because he would not say whether he was guilty or innocent.  Nobody was burned at Salem, but they did burn “witches” in Europe.  Evidence used against suspected witches to prove they were on the devil’s side: accused of harming animals, making people sick, pinching people as they slept, unladylike behavior (yelling at their husbands in public).

Nathaniel Hawthorne Salem, Mass.  One of Hawthorne’s ancestors were among the judges of Salem Witch Trials (only judge to not repent his actions)  Hawthorne was not a Puritan!!!  He looked with distaste upon “the whole dismal severity of the Puritan code of law”.  Transcendental reformer  He called his stories “moral allegories of the heart”; deep psychological complexity, Puritan influence.

Sources  Puritain Beliefs: beliefs.htm Puritain Beliefs: beliefs.htm  Salem Facts: Elizabeth Reis Author of Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England  Henry Warner Bowden

Reminders  HW: CAREFULLY READ “The Young Goodman Brown”  Sign Up for IB conferences  Sign up for “American Voices” Presentation  Turn in American Voices packets  Erase all marks you made  Keep if you signed up for presentations