COMMON INJURIES IN THE TRAINING ROOM Sports Medicine

Top Ten List The top 10 most common injuries in the PLHS Athletic Training Room: 1. Muscle strain/spasm 2. Finger/toe joint sprain 3. Lateral ankle sprain 4. Medial tibial stress syndrome ("shin splints") 5. Rotator cuff tendonitis/fatigue 6. Concussion 7. Patellar maltracking (patellofemoral syndrome) 8. Bone fracture 9. Patellar tendonitis/Osgood-Schlatters 10. IT band friction syndrome

Some Very Bad Sports Injuries

Muscular Injuries Contusion Bruise Caused by direct blow or force to the body Blood pools under skin to the injury site Cramp Involuntary contraction of muscle Caused by dehydration, vigorous activity, lack of stretching, etc.

Contusion

Cramp

Muscular Injuries Strain/Pull/Tear Over stretching/separation of muscle fibers Caused by over exercising/poor warm up/lack of stretching Recovery time depends on severity of strain Avulsion/Rupture Complete tearing/ripping of muscle Recovery time is very long

Muscle Strain/Pull/Tear

Muscle Avulsion

Soft Tissue Injuries Incision A “cut” Ex: broken glass, knife, sharp edge Laceration Skin torn off Abrasion Skin is rubbed or scraped off Ex: road rash, rug burn, skinned knees, etc.

Soft Tissue Injuries IncisionLaceration

Soft Tissue Injury Abrasion

Soft Tissue Injuries Puncture wound Deep injury from object with small surface area Ex: stepping on a nail Avulsion Tearing away of tissue from the body Ex: Losing the top of your finger or toe Blister Small pocket of fluid within upper layers of skin Caused by forcible rubbing/irritation

Soft Tissue Injury Puncture WoundAvulsion

Soft Tissue Injury Blister

Joint Injuries Dislocation Abnormal separation of 2 bones that meet in a joint area Caused by direct trauma (impact or a fall) Ex: hips, shoulder, ankle, toes, fingers, etc. Sprain Fibers of ligament tear (located at joint) Ligament tears can vary in severity Most Common = ankle and wrist Turf Toe Sprain of big toe ligaments (at the joint) Caused by jamming big toe or forcefully pushing off of the ball of the foot

Joint Injuries Shoulder Dislocation

Joint Injuries SprainTurf Toe

Skeletal Injuries Closed/simple fracture A bone fracture that does not break through the skin Incomplete fracture Bone breaks, but not completely into 2 pieces Complete fracture Fracture goes completely through the bone (Divides one bone into 2 pieces) **Simple fractures can be complete or incomplete fractures

Skeletal Injuries Complete Fracture

Skeletal Injuries Compound/open fracture A fracture where the bone breaks through the skin Stress fracture Caused from too much constant weight or pressure being placed on the bone Avulsion fracture A small piece of bone is completely broken off Usually happens at site of ligament or tendon attachment Shin Splints Too much stress placed on tibia (shin bone) Tiny fractures combined with irritated, swollen muscles

Skeletal Injuries Compound FractureStress Fracture

Skeletal Injuries Avulsion FractureShin Splints

Head Injuries Concussion Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Caused by direct hit, fall, or even whiplash-like motion Concussions can be mild with minimal symptoms OR they can be severe with PERMANENT symptoms

Head Injuries Concussion Heads Up Football E60 Unprotected: Need for Helmets in Girls Lacrosse

Video Clips

Tendon Injuries *REMEMBER: Tendons connect muscle to bone!! Tendonitis Tendonosis Tendon Strain/Pull Tendon Rupture

Knee-Specific Injuries Meniscus Ligament Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Misc. Injuries Bursitis Heat Exposure/Illness Compartment Syndrome Impingement syndrome Back Pain Herniated Disc IT Band Syndrome Sciatica