Chapter 43

Review A. Deponent Verbs – Passive in form but active in meaning 1st: conor, conāri, conatus sum – to try 2nd: vereor, verēri, veritus sum – to be afraid, fear 3rd: loquor, loqui, locutus sum – to speak, talk 4th: experior, experīri, expertus sum – to test, try

Activity 1 – Conjugate the following deponent verbs in the tense indicated. Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural 1st:   2nd: 3rd:

Semi-deponent verbs – regular active forms with active meanings in the present, imperfect, and future tenses but have passive forms with active meanings in the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect. audeo, audēre, ausus sum + infinitive – to dare gaudeo, gaudēre, gavisus sum – to be glad, rejoice soleo, solēre, solitus sum + infinitve – to be accustomed (to), be in the habit of

4th principal part + adjective endings Participles   active passive present vocans, vocantis- calling, while calling stem + -ns, -ntis perfect vocatus, vocata, vocatum – having been called 4th principal part + adjective endings future

  active passive present perfect future

3rd principal part – i + -isse Infinitives   active passive present audīre – to hear 2nd principal part audīri – to be heard 2nd principal part –e + -i 3rd conjujation - poni perfect audivisse – to have heard 3rd principal part – i + -isse future

  active passive present perfect future

Subjunctive mood A. Indicative – factual Imperative – commands Subjunctive – non factual

Forms - active imperfect pluperfect 1st: peterem peteremus petivissem petivissemus 2nd: peteres peteretis petivisses petivissetis 3rd: peteret peterent petivisset petivissent I was looking for I had looked for

imperfect pluperfect 1st: essem essemus fuissem fuissemus 2nd: esses essetis fuisses fuissetis 3rd: esset essent fuisset fuissent I was I had been

Clauses 1. Cum Causal Clauses – since, because Hic, cum calorem vaporem vix pati possent, haud multum morabantur. Here, since they were scarcely able to endure the heat and steam, they did not stay a long time. 2. Cum Circumstantial Clauses – when Quo cum Titus pervenisset, in vestibulum ingresses est. When Titus had arrived there, he entered the entrance passage. 3. Indirect Questions Maxime enim cupiebant cognoscere qui homines praeclari iam in urbe adessent.   They especially wanted to learn what famous men were now present in the city.

Activity 4 – Conjugate the following verbs in the subjunctive, imperfect and pluperfect active giving both Latin and English. Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural 1st:   2nd: 3rd:

Forms – passive imperfect pluperfect 1st: portārer portāremur portatus,-a,-um essem portati,-ae,-a essemus 2nd: portāreris portāremini portatus,-a,-um esses poratati,-ae,-a essetis 3rd: portāretur portārentur poratatus,-a,-um esset poratati,-ae,-a essent

1. imperfect – 2nd principal part + passive endings 2. pluperfect – 4th principal part + subjunctive imperfect of sum, esse . . . cum ille semper *vidēretur omnia audivisse et vidisse . . . . . . since he seemed always to have heard and seen everything . . . *video, vidēre, - can mean to seem in the passive Cum in tepidarium *regressi essent . . . When *they had returned into the warm room . . . *deponent verb – passive in form, active in meaning  

Activity 5 – Conjugate the following verbs in the subjunctive, imperfect and pluperfect passive. Latin singular English singular Latin plural English plural 1st:   2nd: 3rd:

1. Cum Cornleius se nimis exercuisset, maxime defessus erat. Activity 6 – Translate the following sentences with cum causal clauses. 1. Cum Cornleius se nimis exercuisset, maxime defessus erat. 2. Cum Cornelius in caldario vaporem vix *pati posset, haud multum ibi moratus est. (*active infinitive of deponent verb)

3. Cum Cornelius vapore caldarii paene 3. Cum Cornelius vapore caldarii paene oppresses esset, in tepidarium regresses est. 4. Cum Cornelius tergeri vellet, e tepidario egressus est.

Activity 7 – Translate the following sentences with cum circumstantial clauses. 1. Cum Cornelius in Campum Martium descendisset, in Thermas Neroneas ingressus est. 2. Cum Cornelius amicis heri occurrisset, eos de rebus urbanis rogavit.

3. Cum Cornelius in vestibulum ingrederetur, ab amicis salutabatur. 4. Cum Cornelius et amici in palaestram inīrent, multi cives ibi se exercebant. 5. Cum alii luctārentur, Cornelius cum duobus amicis trigone ludebat.

1. Rogabant Titum quid de rebus urbanis audivisset. Activity 8 – Translate the following indirect questions. 1. Rogabant Titum quid de rebus urbanis audivisset. 2. Rogabant Titum quid princeps contra incendia faceret.

3. Rogabant Cornelium cur in caldario paene collapsus esset. 4. Rogabant Cornelium cur e thermis nunc egrederetur.