Chapter 1 Building Professional Experience

History Pony Express 1860 Transcontinental Telegraph 1861 Transcontinental Railroad 1869 First Flight 1903 Air Mail first route Erwin Link developed flight simulator

History U. S. Government began installing a radio navigation system Jimmy Doolittle first blind flight Elrey Jeppesen published airway manuals

History Air traffic control center Newark Elmer Sperry harness the principles of gyros to build a flight instrument Paul Kollsman developed an accurate altimeter

Flying the Beam A N Steady tone

Why an Instrument Rating VFR - at the mercy of the weather Safety - VFR pilots fly into worsening weather with poor results Cost and inconvenience - unscheduled hotel stays when a flight cannot be completed Keep on schedule - cannot tell a client you will be there if the weather is good

Why an Instrument Rating? Money Saver - More use of an airplane Confidence and safety - Complexity of the ATC system Removes the temptation to scud-run Results in greater precision Improves your go/no go decision skills

Requirements Part 61 –40 Flight Instruction –50 Hours of Cross-country Part 141 –35 hours Flight Instruction –30 hours Ground Instruction

IPC Instrument Proficiency Check Consists of a representative number of tasks required by the instrument rating practical test

Instrument Currency “To act as PIC of an aircraft on an IFR flight plan, one must have logged (within the preceding 6 months): –6 approaches –holding –intercepting and tracking navigation courses –or passed an IPC

Currency 3 approaches, navigation, holding Need IPC

Flying on the Ground Flight Simulator - full size cockpit replica with motion cueing system Flight Training Device - full size replica of the instruments, panels and controls of an aircraft PCATD - personal computer-based aviation training device

AIM Aeronautical Information Manual provides basic flight information and ATC procedures for the National Airspace System. Health and medical factors Pilot/controller glossary of terms Safety, accident and hazard reporting

Terms VFR - visual flight rules VMC - visual meteorological conditions IFR - instrument flight rules IMC - instrument meteorological conditions

FARs Commercial Operations Part 121 Domestic (Scheduled) Part 121 Flag (out side the U.S.) Part 121 Supplemental (Not Scheduled) Part 135 Commuter < 9 seats Part 135 On-demand 30 seat max Part 125 Private carriage > 20 seats

Privileges Private Pilot - 35 hours Commercial Pilot hours Airline Transport Pilot hours

Commercial Pilot Without an instrument rating, a commercial pilot is limited to daylight operations within 50 nautical miles of the departure airfield

Fundamental Skills Cross-check- fixation and omission Instrument interpretation Aircraft Control –Pitch –Bank –Power –Trim

Teaching Techniques Command and Performance Primary and Secondary

Command and Performance At full power in a C172, with the attitude above the horizon, you expect a certain rate of climb and a certain airspeed.

Stabilized Climb Primary - Pitch - Airspeed Primary - Bank- Heading Indicator Supporting Pitch and Bank - Attitude indicator Supporting Pitch - vertical speed Supporting bank - turn coordinator