Protecting RNSS Spectrum Domestic and International Activities Karl B. Nebbia Associate Administrator Office of Spectrum Management National Telecommunications and Information Administration (202)

COORDINATION National Spectrum Management THE PRESIDENT COMMUNICATIONS ACT OF 1934 Non-Federal Users FCC INTERDEPARTMENT RADIO ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chaired by NTIA 19 Federal Agencies Represented ADVISORY LIAISON THE CONGRESS Federal Users NTIA National Defense Law Enforce. & Security Transportation Resource Mgmt. & Cntrl Emergencies Other Services Business State & Local Government Entertainment Commercial Private U.S. law provides FCC and NTIA authority over non-federal and federal users respectively Not over specific parts of the spectrum

Development of Rules for New Technologies The FCC develops rules for new non-federal technologies through a public rulemaking process. As the co-regulator in spectrum management each stage of the FCC rulemaking process is coordinated with NTIA. Throughout the FCC rulemaking process NTIA receives advice from the federal agencies on the Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC). NTIA develops rules apply to federal technologies and provides to the FCC for review drafts of NTIA rules. For license-exempt federal operations, NTIA rules generally align with FCC Part 15.

NTIA Responses to FCC Rulemakings Potentially Impacting RNSS NTIA filed comments in FCC rulemaking proposing reduced emission limits in the RNSS bands for the following commercial applications: 1.6 GHz and 2 GHz mobile satellite service (MSS) mobile earth stations –Limits based on aviation scenario Unlicensed UWB transmission systems MSS ancillary terrestrial component (ATC) base stations and mobile terminals Low power television broadcast transmitters –The EIRP limit in the GPS frequency bands from harmonically related LPTV stations is -49 dBW/MHz. This level is 85 dB lower than the in-band LPTV EIRP level.

Development of UWB Rules ▪ NTIA performed measurements and technical analysis to develop emission limits in RNSS bands based on the interference potential of the UWB device applications. ▪ UWB device application specific emission limits in the RNSS bands relative to the Part limit of dBm/MHz: - ground penetrating radar systems (24 dB below); - wall and through-wall imaging systems (24 dB below); - medical imaging systems (24 dB below); - surveillance systems (10 dB below and requirement to coordinate); - vehicular radar systems (34 dB below); - indoor communications systems (34 dB below); and - handheld communications systems (34 dB below).

UWB Waiver Requests ▪ To permit higher emission levels in the RNSS bands for vehicular mounted ground penetrating radar systems: - based on comments from NTIA, the waiver requests were withdrawn by the applicant or denied by the FCC. ▪ To expand rules to include: direct sequence, multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, and high data rate binary phase shift keying modulations: - NTIA performed measurements to ensure these new modulations did not change the interference environment. ▪ To permit higher powered UWB surveillance systems: - NTIA adopted rules for fixed high power federal UWB systems (Section ) that were used as the basis of the FCC waiver.

MSS ATC Service Rules ▪ NTIA performed technical analysis to develop equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) limits in the RNSS bands for MSS ATC base stations (-100 dBW/MHz) and mobile terminals (-90 dBW/MHz). ▪ FCC declined to adopt EIRP limits proposed by NTIA and instead decided to: - adopt an EIRP limit of -70 dBW/MHz in the L1 band; - issue a notice to address the out-of-band emission limits that are necessary to protect GPS; - encourage negotiations between parties whose operations may affect GPS. This included the requirement to coordinate licenses with NTIA. ▪ NTIA has worked with the MSS ATC service operators to ensure that the lower EIRP levels for base stations and mobile terminals are included in their license applications and that all waiver requests still protect RNSS receivers.

GPS Re-Radiators ▪ Depending on power level, uncontrolled use of re-radiators can cause interference to GPS receivers: - NTIA developed technical requirements for private sector requests to operate re-radiators. ▪ Unauthorized re-radiators were being sold to the public (e.g., Dicks Sporting Goods, WalMart). - NTIA worked with the FCC to initiate enforcement actions to stop the sale of unauthorized re-radiators. ▪ NTIA held a public meeting to develop recommendations for the regulation of re-radiators. ▪NTIA adopted rules for the use of fixed (NTIA Rules Section ) and mobile (Section ) re-radiators that are used as the basis for federal requests to operate re-radiators and as the criteria whereby NTIA would agree to FCC approval of non-federal applications.

Limits on Emissions from Federal Government Systems ▪There are currently no emission limits in Chapter 5 of the NTIA Rules to protect receivers operating in the RNSS bands from federal authorized (licensed) operations. ▪The fact that NTIA requires non-federal systems to protect RNSS receivers to a greater extent than federal systems is an area on contention with the FCC. ▪NTIA will be considering adding new requirements for federal agencies requesting spectrum certification for new radio systems.

RNSS Protection in the ITU-R  Historically RNSS recommendations in the ITU-R written for GPS and GLONASS – now 5 more Administrations proposing new RNSS  NTIA is the chair of the Working Group in ITU-R Working Party 4C  ITU-R updating characteristics and receiver protection criteria recommendations (from non-RNSS)  MHz (L1) (space-to-Earth and space-to-space)  MHz (L2) (space-to-Earth and space-to-space)  ITU-R creating new characteristics and receiver protection criteria recommendations  MHz (L5) (space-to-Earth and space-to-space)  MHz (Earth-to-space)  MHz (space-to-Earth)  ITU-R updating/adding new technical characteristics of transmitting space stations for the L1, L2 and L5 bands  ITU-R recommendation approved a coordination methodology for RNSS inter-system interference estimation  RNSS to RNSS interference issues will be worked out in bi-lateral coordination meetings.