THE U.S. IN WWI: PROPAGANDA WAR AND FOREIGN WAR EUGENIA LANGAN MATER ACADEMY CHARTER HIGH SCHOOL HIALEAH GARDENS, FLORIDA WITH THANKS TO SUSAN POJER

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: TODAY:  WHY DID THE U.S. ENTER WORLD WAR I – ?  HOW DID THE U.S. GOVERNMENT PERSUADE THE AMERICAN PUBLIC TO SUPPORT THE WAR?  WHAT ROLE DID THE U.S. PLAY IN THE WAR?  WHAT WERE THE EFFECTS ON THE HOME FRONT?  WHAT WERE THE EFFECTS OF THE WAR? BROAD: HOW DID THE U.S. BECOME A SUPERPOWER?

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I: 1. INDUSTRIAL AND IMPERIAL RIVALRY BETWEEN BRITAIN AND GERMANY – AND FRANCE

2. NATIONALISM - IN PART FOR SAME REASONS AS IN U.S. – NEED OF GOVERNMENTS TO MAINTAIN PUBLIC SUPPORT 3. ARMS RACE AMONG EUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL POWERS – PREPARING FOR INEVITABLE WAR

AGGRESSIVE NATIONALISM

COLONIAL RIVALIES IN AFRICA, 1914

COLONIAL RIVALRIES IN ASIA, 1914

EUROPEAN ARMS RACE TOTAL DEFENSE EXPENDITURES FOR THE GREAT POWERS [GER., A-H, IT., FR., BR., RUS.] IN MILLIONS OF £S, AND % INCREASE.

Entente Cordial: Triple Alliance: BRITAIN, FRANCE, RUSSIAGERMANY, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ITALY 4. THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM: PREPARING FOR INEVITABLE WAR AND MADE WAR INEVITABLE!

FRANZ-FERDINAND, SOPHIE AND CHILDREN HE WAS HEIR TO THE THRONE 5. ASSASINATION OF AUSTRIAN ARCHDUKE AND WIFE, IN SARAJEVO, SERBIA BY BOSNIAN NATIONALIST

The Assassination: Sarajevo

THE ASSASSIN : Gavrilo Princip THE LONE NUT ASSASSIN WHO STARTED WWI

6. THE ALLIANCES AND DECLARATIONS OF WAR  AUSTRIA-HUNGARY DECLARED WAR ON SERBIA OVER ASSASSINATION, JULY 28  SERBIA WAS ALLY OF RUSSIA  RUSSIA DECLARED WAR ON AUSTRIA-HUNGARY  AUGUST 1 – AUSTRIA-HUNGARY WAS ALLY OF GERMANY  GERMANY HAD EXCUSE TO DECLARE WAR ON RUSSIA  RUSSIA WAS IN THE ENTENTE CORDIALE  BY AUGUST 8, ENTIRE ENTENTE CORDIALE AND ITS ALLIES HAD DECLARED WAR ON TRIPLE ALLIANCE ( EXCEPT ITALY ) AND ITS ALLIES  OTTOMAN EMPIRE ALLIED WITH GERMANY  JAPAN DECLARED WAR ON GERMANY AND INVADED GERMAN TERRITORY IN CHINA

ALLIED POWERS: CENTRAL POWERS:

 DID THE U.S. HAVE A DOG IN THAT FIGHT?  SENTIMENTAL: RELATIONSHIP WITH BRITAIN  ECONOMIC: DID IT MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE WHETHER BRITAIN OR GERMANY WAS GREATEST INDUSTRIAL/ IMPERIAL POWER?  ECONOMIC: RAILROAD AND INDUSTRIAL DEBT TO BRITISH BANKS – IF BRITAIN HIT THE SKIDS AND CALLED DEBT WHAT WOULD HAPPEN?  RECESSION OR DEPRESSION  WHAT ABOUT OUR INTEREST VIS- À -VIS JAPAN?

EUROPE IN 1914

BRITISH RECRUITING POSTER WITH LORD KITCHENER – LOOK FAMILIAR?

RAILROADS MADE MASSIVE TROOP MOBILIZATION POSSIBLE

WORLD WAR I IN EUROPE: EASTERN AND WESTERN FRONT

BY 1918; STALEMATE IN WESTERN EUROPE – STUCK IN BELGIUM WITH MASSIVE CASUALTIES

Verdun – February, 1916  GERMAN OFFENSIVE. e EACH SIDE HAD 500,000 CASUALTIES.  GERMAN OFFENSIVE. e EACH SIDE HAD 500,000 CASUALTIES.

The Somme – July, ,000 BRITISH SOLDIERS KILLED IN ONE DAY.  60,000 BRITISH SOLDIERS KILLED IN ONE DAY. e OVER 1,000,000 KILLED IN 5 MONTHS. 60,000 BRITISH SOLDIERS KILLED IN ONE DAY.  60,000 BRITISH SOLDIERS KILLED IN ONE DAY. e OVER 1,000,000 KILLED IN 5 MONTHS.

WHY SUCH HIGH CASUALTIES? RAILROADS FOR MASSIVE TROOP MOVEMENTS AND NEW WEAPONS

U-Boats

AIRPLANES: DEATH FROM THE SKY

The Zeppelin: Silent Death from the Sky

Long-range Artillery - Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

Flame Throwers Grenade Launchers

Poison Gas Machine Gun

Trench Warfare

“No Man’s Land” MEN IN THE TRENCHES WERE ALMOST DEFENSELESS AGAINST POISON GAS

THE SITUATION IN 1917 IN A NUTSHELL"  STALEMATE IN WESTERN EUROPE  THROUGH GERMANY WAS FIGHTING ON TWO FRONTS, BRITAIN AND FRANCE WERE RUNNING OUT OF ABLE-BODIED TROOPS  THEY NEEDED THE U.S.