Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems I-MASS and the Semantic web Gabriel Hopmans Communications Research & Semiotics University of Maastricht

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Overview Foci of attention: I-MASS agents and sketch of componentsI-MASS agents and sketch of components Interface & AgentsInterface & Agents SemioticsSemiotics Ontologies & SemanticsOntologies & Semantics

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems

IMASS1: Agents at content providers

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems IMASS Agents to let I-Mass growing -For users finding the information: providing scenario’s in the Knowledge Landscape -Content providers providing conceptual schemas Important for use of reference works

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems I-MASS: scenario and reference works Reference works: dictionaries, encyclopaedia, thesaurus.. Modeling in INCA-ComReference works: dictionaries, encyclopaedia, thesaurus.. Modeling in INCA-Com I-MASS Scenario : user asks “Give me access to (paintings) by Leonardo where there are examples of Chiaroscuro “I-MASS Scenario : user asks “Give me access to (paintings) by Leonardo where there are examples of Chiaroscuro “ Translation to RQL:Translation to RQL: Select W From {X}first_name{Y}, {Z}paints{W}.contains_technique{Q} Where X=Z and Y=”Leonardo” and Q=”Chiaroscuro”

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems {X} first name {Leonardo} X = Z Join Z = {daVinci} Z paints W W contains Q

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems System: Using reference works Term “chiaroscuro”? Which reference work to be used?Term “chiaroscuro”? Which reference work to be used? INCA-COM thesaurus, Sort Thesaurus {INCA-COM thesaurus, Sort Thesaurus { R:: thesaurus_has_term : __ ::ThesTerm } Thesaurus in RDFThesaurus in RDF </rdf:Property>

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Result using AAT The technique of contrasting light and dark within a picture, especially one in which the forms are largely determined, not by sharp outlines, but by the meeting of lighter and darker areasThe technique of contrasting light and dark within a picture, especially one in which the forms are largely determined, not by sharp outlines, but by the meeting of lighter and darker areas Terminological: link terms (synonym Chiaroscuro and Clair Obscur)Terminological: link terms (synonym Chiaroscuro and Clair Obscur) Intentional: meaning of sort, extensional: membership of object instanceIntentional: meaning of sort, extensional: membership of object instance

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Recapitulation of INCA-COM: Objects & Sorts Object has an existence indepen- dent of description;Object has an existence indepen- dent of description; Every object is classified with one or more sorts;Every object is classified with one or more sorts; In principle sorts have an inten- sional and extensional des- cription, describing respectivelyIn principle sorts have an inten- sional and extensional des- cription, describing respectively –meaning of the sort, and –membership of object instances

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems I-MASS prototype 1 to next one..

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems IMASS : Agents and Interfaces -From the user point of view: (re)presentation, adaptivity.. And -From the content provider point of view..A need for semiotics

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems User, reference work, semiotic What is Chiaroscuro?What is Chiaroscuro? Knowledge level 1 User makes just a request in a reference workUser makes just a request in a reference work User ->Query - > AgentUser ->Query - > Agent Explain term Chiaroscuro KL3 Request to perform action given a proposition. Agents use several ref. Works agents: (Composition), if u find something: propose it User-request-Agent Agent – Request(propose) – Agents

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Interaction Protocols FIPA ACL 2 nd level is Communicative Act based on speech act theory.FIPA ACL 2 nd level is Communicative Act based on speech act theory. Attribute of agent: Knowledge-level (Newell 1982): “communication ability, A knowledge level so that it has the ability to communicate with persons and other agents with language more resembling human-like "speech acts" than typical symbol-level program-to-program protocols”Attribute of agent: Knowledge-level (Newell 1982): “communication ability, A knowledge level so that it has the ability to communicate with persons and other agents with language more resembling human-like "speech acts" than typical symbol-level program-to-program protocols” Interaction Protocols are used to design agents interaction providing a sequence of acceptable messages and a semantic for those messages [Bergenti et al., 2000].Interaction Protocols are used to design agents interaction providing a sequence of acceptable messages and a semantic for those messages [Bergenti et al., 2000].

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Do these representations mean the same? See paper EuzenatSee paper Euzenat

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Knowledge representation & modeling The user preferences define how the agents are ‘triggered’. User should be aware how (Semiotics for use and meaning of protocols, ACL trend): Agent Services become webservicesThe user preferences define how the agents are ‘triggered’. User should be aware how (Semiotics for use and meaning of protocols, ACL trend): Agent Services become webservices This ‘triggering’ process is predefined by the knowledge engineer. AGAIN SEMIOTICS: “when dealing with exchange of models between people & faithful reproduction of these representations we are concerned with the semiotic level” [Bechhofer et al.,2001]This ‘triggering’ process is predefined by the knowledge engineer. AGAIN SEMIOTICS: “when dealing with exchange of models between people & faithful reproduction of these representations we are concerned with the semiotic level” [Bechhofer et al.,2001]

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Ontologies & Semantics -DAML + OIL is not enough Ontology not only for representation & delivery but also for sharing & exchange -FIPA & AgentCities: Agent enabled webservices: Webservices are evolving rapidly and are compete & lose, FIPA should embrace and extend them.

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Ontologies & Semantics: DAML + OIL -DAML + OIL should give semantics to modeling primitives RDFS -DAML+OIL in co-operation: Oil throwed a few principles aboard (modeling language based on frames) -See references 1,2 &3

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems Semantic web: agents interaction between 2 applications (worldwide)Semantic web: agents interaction between 2 applications (worldwide) DAML+OIL: DCDAML+OIL: DC Inspired by Object Representation framework (although OIL..)Inspired by Object Representation framework (although OIL..) I-MASS: more a closed domain, agents in the application ‘know’ each other already I-MASS can’t wait + focus on reference works Now focus on logic based concepts Semantic web/I-MASS Ontology representation

Information MAnagement and interoperability of content for distributed Systems of high volume data repositories through multi agents Systems References: 1.Daml + OIL is not enough, Bechhofer, Goble and Horrocks, Language standardization for the semantic web: the long way from OIL to OWL, Fensel Metamodeling architecture of web ontology languages, Pan & Horrocks Towards Formal Knowledge intelligibility at the semiotic level, Euzenat Querying semistructured (meta) data and schemas on the web: the case of RDF & RDFS, Karvounarakis et al ICS-FORTH, RDFSuite 6.D. Levine, presentation about Webservices vs. FIPA specs