Eras in Japanese History
Jomon 10, B.C. 10, B.C. Stone age hunters/gatherers Stone age hunters/gatherers Pottery rope patterned Pottery rope patterned Sun Goddess = Amaterasu Omikami Sun Goddess = Amaterasu Omikami People believe 600B.C. Jimmu (Devine Warrior) founds Japanese Empire People believe 600B.C. Jimmu (Devine Warrior) founds Japanese Empire
Yayoi 300B.C – 300A.D. 300B.C – 300A.D. Rice, metalworking, potters wheel come from China/Korea. Rice, metalworking, potters wheel come from China/Korea. Yayoi is the place in Tokyo where wheel-turned pottery found Yayoi is the place in Tokyo where wheel-turned pottery found Shinto oldest religion Shinto oldest religion Kami = divine forces Have human characteristics (loyalty, wisdom, etc.) A.D. Clans form political units A.D. Clans form political units
Kofun (Yamato) 300A.D. – 645A.D. 300A.D. – 645A.D. Powerful clans = Unified states Powerful clans = Unified states Close contact with mainland Asia Close contact with mainland Asia Rulers buried in Kofun (tomb mounds) Rulers buried in Kofun (tomb mounds) Rulers claim descendents of A.materasu O. = imperial dynasty (still in existence!) Rulers claim descendents of A.materasu O. = imperial dynasty (still in existence!) Adopts Chinese writing, Adopts Chinese writing, Patterns govt. after China (Shotoku Tashi) Patterns govt. after China (Shotoku Tashi) Buddhism and Confucian start Buddhism and Confucian start
Asuka 645A.D – 710A.D. 645A.D – 710A.D. Taika no Kaishin (Taika Reforms) strenthen emperor’s power Taika no Kaishin (Taika Reforms) strenthen emperor’s power Aristocratic families created Aristocratic families created Fujiwars no Kamatari strongest Fujiwars no Kamatari strongest
Nara 710A.D. – 794A.D. 710A.D. – 794A.D. New Captial in Nara modeled after China New Captial in Nara modeled after China Emperors Shinto, but make Buddhism state religion Emperors Shinto, but make Buddhism state religion believe Buddhism with bring peace and protect the govt. Buddhist monasteries gan political power Buddhist monasteries gan political power
Heian Nara’s Buddhist forces Imperial court to move to Heiankyo (now Kyoto) Nara’s Buddhist forces Imperial court to move to Heiankyo (now Kyoto) Kana invented (syllabary for writing Japanese) Kana invented (syllabary for writing Japanese) Murasaki Shikibu writes Tale of Genji Murasaki Shikibu writes Tale of Genji World’s first Novel Court declines in power Court declines in power Bushi (warrior class) rise Bushi (warrior class) rise
Kamak ura 1185– – 1333 Minamoto no Yoritomo establishes military govt. Minamoto no Yoritomo establishes military govt Bushi become ruling class 1192 Bushi become ruling class Yoritomo becomes seii taishogun Barbarian-subduing generalissimo Emperor becomes figurehead Emperor becomes figurehead 1274 & 1281 Kublai Khan invades Japan. Repelled by kamikazi (divine winds) & 1281 Kublai Khan invades Japan. Repelled by kamikazi (divine winds). Invasion weakens ruling military governemtn Invasion weakens ruling military governemtn
Murom achi 1333 – – 1568 Muromachi district is base for new Shogun Govt Muromachi district is base for new Shogun Govt Ashikaga Takauji new Shogun/practices Zen Ashikaga Takauji new Shogun/practices Zen Ink paintings, Garden designing, Tea ceremony (chanoyu) popular Ink paintings, Garden designing, Tea ceremony (chanoyu) popular 1467 – – 1568 Ten year war (Onin War) destroys central govt. 100 years Whole country at war (Sengoku Jidai) Firearms introduced Christianity introduced
Azuchi mom- oya Ma Japan reunified by Oda Nobunaga Japan reunified by Oda Nobunaga Foundation of modern japan laid by Toyotomi Hideyoshi Foundation of modern japan laid by Toyotomi Hideyoshi Wants to conquer Korea and China. Rest of population say ENOUGH WAR!!! Painting, huge designs, tea ceremony flourish Painting, huge designs, tea ceremony flourish
Edo (tokug awa) Tokugawa Ieyasu new Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu new Shogun Capital moved to Edo (Now Tokyo) Capital moved to Edo (Now Tokyo) Age of peace/Isolation Age of peace/Isolation Outside trading in Nagasaki only (Chinese/Dutch) Christianity suppressed Rigid social hierachy Cities/Commerce flourish Kabuki/Bunraku spring up Books published Education increases 1853 Commodore Matthew C. Perry forces doors of Japan open 1853 Commodore Matthew C. Perry forces doors of Japan open