Land area: 3,600,927 sq mi (9,326,411 sq km); total area: 3,705,407 sq mi (9,596,960 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 1,330,141,295 (growth rate: 0.5%); birth rate: 12.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 16.5/1000; life expectancy: 74.5; density per sq mi: 142 Capital (2003 est.): Capital (2003 est.): Beijing, 10,849,000 (metro. area), 8,689,000 (city proper) Read more: Monetary unit: Yuan/Renminbi National name: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo Languages: Languages: Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages Ethnicity/race: Ethnicity/race: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1% National Holiday: National Holiday: Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, October 1 Religions: Religions: Officially atheist; Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%–4%, Muslim 1%–2% (2002 est.) Literacy rate: 90.9% (2006 est.)

Land area: 631,659 sq mi (1,635,999 sq km); total area: 636,293 sq mi (1,648,000 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 67,037,517 (growth rate: 0.9%); birth rate: 17.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 34.6/1000; life expectancy: 71.4; density per sq km: 40 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Tehran, 7,796,257 (city proper) Other large cities: Mashad, 2,061,100; Isfahan, 1,378,600; Tabriz, 1,213,400 Monetary unit: Rial Read more: Languages: Languages: Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2% Ethnicity/race: Ethnicity/race: Persian 51%, Azerbaijani 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1% Religions: Religions: Islam 98% (Shi'a 89%, Sunni 9%); Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i 2% National Holiday: National Holiday: Republic Day, April 1 Literacy rate: 77% (2005 est.)

Total area: 250,000 sq mi (647,500 sq km) Population (2010est.): 29,121,286 (growth rate: 2.4%); birth rate: 38.11/1000; infant mortality rate: 151.5/1000; life expectancy: 44.6; density per sq mi: 128 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Kabul, 2,206,300 Monetary unit: Afghani National name: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Afghanestan Languages: Languages: Dari Persian, Pashtu (both official), other Turkic and minor languages Ethnicity/race: Ethnicity/race: Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baloch 2%, other 4% Religion: Religion: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 19%, other 1% National Holiday: National Holiday: Independence Day, August 19 Literacy rate: 28.1% (2000 est.) Read more:

Land area: 1,147,949 sq mi (2,973,190 sq km); total area: 1,269,338 sq mi (3,287,590 sq km) Population (2010 est.): 1,173,108,018 (growth rate: 1.3%); birth rate: 21.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 49.1/1000; life expectancy: 66.4; density per sq km: 386 Capital (2003 est.): Capital (2003 est.): New Delhi, 15,334,000 (metro. area), 9,817,439 (city proper) Monetary unit: Rupee National name: Bharat Principal languages: Principal languages: Hindi 30%, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all official); Hindi/Urdu; 1,600+ dialects Ethnicity/race: Ethnicity/race: Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) Religions: Religions: Hindu 81%, Islam 13%, Christian 2%, Sikh 2% (2001) National Holiday: National Holiday: Republic Day, January 26 Literacy rate: 61% (2005 est.) Read more: