Timeline 1206 Temujin (Genghis Khan, r ) forms confederation of Mongol tribes, launches armies to east and west. Word List Ilkhanids Timurids Mongols

Timeline 1243 Mongols take Asia Minor (12th February) Mongols take Baghdad, put ‘Abbasid caliph to death Mongols take Aleppo, Damascus. Mamluks defeat Mongols at ‘Ayn Jalut Mamluks reinstate ‘Abbasid caliphate in Cairo.

Great Khanate of China and Mongolia Chaghatay Khanate Khanate of the Golden Horde Ilkhanate

Timeline Reign of Ilkhan Ghazan, who imposes Islam on Ilkhanate Reign of Öljeitü. Mid-14th century sees fragmentation of Ilkhanate. Word List Ilkhans/ Ilkhanids Sufis (Muslim mystics)

Timeline 1361 Temür (Tamerlane/ Tamburlaine/Temür the Lame, r ) comes to power Temür takes control of Transoxania, launches campaigns to east and west Reign of Shah Rukh. Word List Samarqand Herat shari‘a (Islamic Law)

Timeline 1510 Persia passes into hands of Safavids Babur defeats sultan of Delhi in India, founds Mughal Empire Indian Mutiny/First Indian War of Independence against British.

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet Qur’an for sultan Öljeitü. Ilkhanid. 30 volumes By ‘Abd Allah al-Hamadani. Ink, gold and colour on paper. (F - 2 slides) Mahmud of Ghazna crosses the Ganges. Jami‘ al-Tawarikh Tabriz. (F) Shakyamuni (Buddha) offers fruit to the devil: Jami‘ al-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din. Tabriz (F) Iranian Lajvardina dish, early 14th c. Glazed ceramic. 21.1cm. (F) Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). View of the eastern façade. (A) Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). Exterior view from the northwest. (A)

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). Detail view of interior tilework that formed part of the first decorative scheme. (A) Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). Detail view of interior stucco decoration. (A) Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). Detail view of interior tilework that formed part of the first decorative scheme. (A) Tomb of Öljeitü, Sultaniya, Iran (bt ). View of polychrome plaster on a vault in the gallery. (A) Pilgrims at the Ka‘ba; Pilgrim touches stone. From “A Miscellany for Iskandar Sultan.” Shiraz or Isfahan. 814/1411, a treatise on religious observance. (F)

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet The Lion attacks the Bull. Kalila wa Dimna. Baysungur, Herat (F) The Tree of Zaqqum in Hell. Page from the Mirajnama Herat (540 AH). (F) Fritware dish. Underglaze painted cobalt blue. Iznik, c cm diameter. (F) Gur-i Amir Complex, Samarqand (bt. 1403). Exterior view, main elevation. (A) Gur-i Amir Complex, Samarqand (bt. 1403). View from the remains of the Mohammad Sultan Madrasa to the mausoleum. (A) Gur-i Amir Complex, Samarqand (bt. 1403). Detail view of the ribbed dome of the tomb. (A)

640s Muslim raids into India begin. 7th-15th centuries: Muslims take much of northern India.

Timeline 1526 Babur defeats sultan of Delhi, sets up Mughal Empire in N. India Reign of Babur, first Mughal Emperor Babur secures hold on northern India. By the end of the 16th century Mughals have taken control of much of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal and Bhutan.

Timeline 1658 British establish permanent hold on Bengal. Later 17th century: Decline of Mughal state in wake of campaigns against religious dissidents. Mid 18th century: British defeat French to establish dominance in India.

Timeline May 9th 1857 Outbreak of Indian Mutiny/ First Indian War of Independence Death of last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, in exile in Burma. Bahadur’s sons are killed by British troops, and India is added to the British Empire. July 1858 End of Indian Mutiny/ First Indian War of Independence.

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet Taj Mahal. Agra, India (F) Detail of the Taj Mahal. Agra, India (F) Tomb of Humayun. Delhi (F) Tomb of Akbar. Sikadra (F) Tomb of Akbar. Sikadra Detail of mural in vestibule. (F) Tomb of I‘timad al-Dawla, Agra (F - 2 slides) Tomb of Safdarjang. Delhi (F) Tomb of Jahangir, Lahore (F)

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet Friday Mosque, built by Shah Jahan. 1640s. Largest Mughal Mosque. Delhi. Front view. (F) Moti Mosque, Agra , built by Shah Jahan. Exterior view. (F) Moti Mosque, Agra , built by Shah Jahan. Prayer hall. (F) Mughal camp as depicted in the Arrest of Abu’l-Ma‘ali, from a copy of the Akbarnama. India, c Colour on paper. (F) Majnun visited by his father. Khamsa belonging to Amir Khusrad Delari. Lahore Ink and colour on paper. (F) Jahangir presenting a book to a Sufi. India, c (F)

Object List F = Ferret, A = Archnet Mughal carpet, mid-17th c. (F) Cotton prayer mat: Mughal with Gujarati style silk embroidery. Second half of the 17th c. (F) Late Mughal India. Covered jar, c Cloisonne enamel on gold. (F) Late Mughal India. Storage Chest, Gujarat wood with mother of pearl and black lacquer. (F)