Hatshepsut, Akhenaton, Ramesses AIM: What made Egypt’s Great Pharoahs Great? Do Now: Make a list of characteristics of great leaders

New Kingdom 18 th Dynasty Was ruling as guardian for her nephew – Tuthmoses III Took over and became Pharaoh Wore false beard and wore the clothes of a man

Had expedition to Land of Punt Built temple in front of Valley of the Queens In 2007 her mummy was identified in Egyptian Museum in Cairo by DNA and a tooth.

Effective spirit of Aten Original Name = Amenhotep IV Amun is Satisfied Worshiped the Aten – Sun Disk Discouraged Polytheism in favor of Monotheism Built new capital - Akhetaten Letters Found – 380+ Letters from King of Mitanni Did not care about Foreign Policies, but re-making his country for his new religion

Ramesses II to 1213BCE Longest Reigning Pharaoh – Died at 90yrs old Longest Reigning Pharaoh – Died at 90yrs old Known as “Ramesses the Great” Known as “Ramesses the Great”

Great Builder Great Builder City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) Ramesseum Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Colossi at Memnon Colossi at Memnon Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb KV5 Tomb KV5 For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Ramesses II – The Great Builder Luxor Temple Statue Abu Simbel Temple

Great Builder Great Builder City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) Ramesseum Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Colossi at Memnon Colossi at Memnon Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb KV5 Tomb KV5 For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Ramesses II – Hypostyle Karnak Temple

Great Builder Great Builder City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) Ramesseum Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Colossi at Memnon Colossi at Memnon Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb KV5 Tomb KV5 For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Great Builder Great Builder City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) City of Pi-Ramesses (Nile Delta) Ramesseum Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Great Hypostyle Hall at Karnak Temple Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Abu Simbel (Southern Most Temple in Egypt) Colossi at Memnon Colossi at Memnon Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb in Valley of Kings – KV7 Tomb KV5 Tomb KV5 For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) For his c. 52 Sons - (Largest in Valley) Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Tomb of Nefertari (1 st Wife) Highly Decorated Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness Many Colossal Statues all over Egypt of this likeness 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh 1 st Peace Treaty in History – Treaty of Kadesh Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Expanded Empire and was the Height of Egyptian Strength Ramesses II – The Great Builder