Standardization in the Green Buildings field Overall energy performance of buildings Dick (H.A.L.) van Dijk, Senior Scientist at Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO Co-convenor ISO/TC 163-TC 205 Joint Working Group Energy Performance of Buildings using the Holistic Approach Standardization and Innovation in the Green Buildings Sector

Content 1.Green Buildings 2.Energy performance of buildings (EPB) –International standardization - history –Principle of overall energy performance of buildings 3.EPB standards and innovation 4.Systemic approach & link with product information 5.Energy Performance of Buildings, the ISO series, work in progress - Slide 2

What is a green building Slide 3 “ A green building Operates energy efficiently Conserves water Is comfortable, safe and healthy Is durable and maintainable with minimal environmental impact “ Life Cycle: Construction Operation Deconstruction

Sustainable Site, Accessibility and Ecology Category 1 Energy Efficiency Category 2 Water Efficiency Category 3 Materials & Resources Category 4 Indoor Environmental Quality Category 5 Management Category 6 Innovation and and Added Value Category 7 4 Example of Buildings Rating System Categories

Energy performance of buildings (EPB) Slide 5

Energy producing built environment Slide 6 History 2000 Bldng envelope & components Bldng heating needs Energy use for heating and cooling Overall building energy performance

Now: Overall energy performance of buildings (EPB) Building and building elements (thermal, solar,..) Ways to express EP (num. indicators, ratings) Overall Energy balance (energy use, own production) Assessment boundaries Heating systems Cooling systems Daylight and lighting (systems) Air flows and ventilation systems Domestic hot water needs and systems Building automation & control Operating conditions Climatic data Energy at District level Renewable energy sources Requires an integrated and modular set of calculation procedures

Since 2009 in ISO ISO/TC 163/WG 4, joint working group of TC 163 and TC 205 Energy Performance of Buildings using the holistic approach Co-convenors: Mr Dick van Dijk (Netherlands) Prof Essam Khalil (Egypt) Building and building elements (thermal, solar,..) Ways to express EP (num. indicators, ratings) Overall Energy balance (energy use, own production) Assessment boundaries Heating systems Cooling systems Daylight and lighting (systems) Air flows and ventilation systems Domestic hot water needs and systems Building automatio n & control Operating conditions Climatic data Energy at District level Renewable energy sources !?! Inspired by European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)

Systemic approach Boundary conditions EP Building energy needs and system energy losses Common terms, definitions and symbols Component input data EP expressions EP aggregation Boundaries, classification Collect all energy elements Today: Think pyramid

Why systemic approach? Product performance ≠ Performance in building Slide 10

ASHRAE (USA) Possible Future Roadmap Chart is an estimate of possible future regulations to achieve Near Net Zero by 2034 based on studies done by Carrier on technical limits of HVAC equipment Average ASHRAE Requirements Component approach reaches limit Need for systems approach

Example: heat recovery unit (ventilation) High performance product: 95% efficiency Applied in building: –Duct heat losses? –Frost protection? –Windows opened? –By pass (summer)? –… Slide 12

Example: heat pump High performance product Applied in building: –Sufficient capacity? –Heat source temperature? Slide 13 Performance Power

Example: Renewable energy Complex policy issues involved For instance appreciation of: –Use of biomass as renewable energy –Green electricity produced on site and exported to the grid –Use of renewable energy produced at district level –…. Slide 14

Example: Infrared panel heater Claim: “significant energy saving, because..” (for instance) –Better room temperature distribution –Fast response –More comfortable –Decreased ventilation heat losses Requires detailed model to evaluate claims –Complex standard assumptions (for level playing field) Slide 15

Overall EP requirements in The Netherlands since 1995 Major innovation motor EPB Standards: Regularly updated with new technologies (Inter-)national policies: Regularly tightened minimum EP requirements (Financial) incentives Awareness campaigns Research and innovation: New EPB technologies EP

The Netherlands High performance lighting (offices) Heat pumps High perfomance glazing Heat recovery & Demand controlled ventilation Heat recovery showers Solar hot water systems PV systems Future: ??!! DC fans Combined heat and power Condensing boilers Served as one of the examples for the European Directive Transparent long term national policy

ISO & CEN: Unique international cooperation Slide 18 ISO/TC 163, Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment CEN/TC 89, Thermal performance of buildings and building components ASHRAE standards ISO/TC 205, Building environment design CEN/TC 371, Project Committee on Energy Performance of Buildings ISO JOINT WORKING GROUP Energy Performance of Buildings using holistic approach (ISO/TC 163/WG 4)

Work in progress Set of EN ISO standards on Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB): ISO series ISO ISO ISO ISO … ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO … ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO 52150

Conclusions International standards on overall energy performance of buildings A major innovation motor Systemic approach is necessary Challenges: –Calculation procedures regarded as complicated –Input data from product performance assessment –Need to cover wide range of technologies, climates, building types, occupants patterns, policy issues,.. -- Slide 20

Questions and suggestions?