ENGLISH ACTIVITY Save Tigers

Save Tigers Given by: Mr. Payal saha Made by : Akash Kumar Deepak Kumar Amit kumar CLASS : IX ‘C’ Save Tigers

Save Tigers Many years and decades have passed and we are not taking action against this problem of the ‘Endangered Species of Tigers of India’.

Save the tigers with full initiative and care Save the tigers with full initiative and care then only this mission of saving the tigers will succeed.

Habitat of the Tigers Tigers are wild animals and they have to stay in their original habitat that are jungles, hills and many more natural and purely green places in open jungles, evergreen forests and mango grove swamps. The Indian tiger lives in open jungles, evergreen forests and mango grove swamps here they can have their own privacy. Many tigers are dead because of deforestation. Deforestation leads to make tigers homeless. Many tigers also enter villages and become man- eaters.

Everyone has a right to live Everyone has a right to live, now suppose any human is dead or murdered we do so many prayers and we have so many emotional feelings in our heart for that human. Like, the feelings which we have for the human why don’t we have the feelings for the tigers and other animals. If humans have some sympathy and respect for every being in this world we can make this world a better place to live.

Associations to protect tigers WWF is one example of the associations to protect tigers. These type of associations prepare the arrangement for saving tigers. They also prevent deforestation as it destroys the habitat of the tigers

Size, Features and Eating habits The females work hard to search for the prey the tiger family eats. The tigress searches for the prey and bring it home. The first bite is for the tiger. The regular diet of Indian/Bengal tiger consists mainly of deer, gaurs, antelopes and wild pigs. Sometimes it feeds itself on birds, lizards, turtles, fishes, crabs and frogs. 3 feet tall to the top of the shoulder, 7-10 feet long from the head to the rear end, with an additional 3 foot long tail. weight ranges from 175-650 pounds.

How many tigers are left in the world? There is about 3200; around 1411 Bengal tigers, about 450 Siberian and the same with Sumatran, Indo-Chinese is anywhere between 1100 and 1800, and the South China tiger is close to none, to be precise, leass than 20.

How many tigers left in India? Just 1411, according to the latest survey/census by the National Tiger Conservation Authority formed to implement the 'Project Tiger'.

The Magnificent Indian Tigers The Indian tiger, also called as the Royal Bengal tiger, is one of the most fascinating animals found in India. The tiger is the largest living member of the cat family and has an elegant built. The reddish yellow coat with black stripes gives the tiger a magnificent look. The ears of tigers are black on the outside and have a prominent white spot on them. The Indian tiger/ Royal Bengal tiger is one of the most graceful animals found in Sundarbans in Bengal.

Where did the tigers originate? The scientific name of tigers is 'Panthera tigris'. It is believed that the cat family, to which the tiger belongs, originated in Siberia. From Siberia, the tigers are believed to have migrated down south as the climate became colder.

Acts by which the species of tigers are becoming endangered? Increasing urbanization, developmental activities and poaching have resulted into rapid decline in the tiger population not only in India but also the world. In the last millennium itself as many as three sub-species of tigers lost their existence while five other tiger species have become endangered. The endangered tiger species include Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), Chinese Tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris attaica), Indonesian Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) and Indo-Chinese Tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti).

Project tiger To save the dwindling number of tigers in India, Project Tiger was started in the year 1973. Though there has been increase in the number of tigers in India but the increase does not commensurate the efforts made in this field. Some of the important Project Tiger reserves in India are the Corbett National Park, Kanha National Park, Sariska National Park, Palamou Tiger Reserve, Sunderbans National Park, Manas Sanctuary, Namdapha National Park and Bandipur National Park.

Tiger Population in Orrisa The population of tiger in Orissa has increased from 142 in 1972 to 192 in 2004. Though only 35% increase over 32-years, this is perhaps the best that could happen to tiger in the wild. The Elephant Reserve network comes in aid of the objectives of Project Tiger as the former encompasses tiger habitat also. Two additional areas, Sunabeda and Satkoshia-Baisipalli Sanctuaries, have come under the network of Tiger Reserves.

Mission of Project Tiger Some of the field activities under the aegis of Project Tiger cover the following: ·       Enforcement of anti-poaching measures. ·       Census and estimate of the numbers of carnivores, their prey animals. ·       Habitat improvement measures, ·       Water and soil conservation measures ·       Eco development programmes and organization of alternate livelihood, ·       Motivation and awareness of local people, ·       Eliciting participation of students through nature camps and competitions. ·       Capacity building of staff, ·       Development of telecommunication and road network ·       Development and maintenance of other infrastructure ·       Research, planning and monitoring of wildlife

The tiger is one of the most charismatic and evocative species on Earth- it is also one of the most threatened. Only 6000 or so remain in the wild, most in isolated pockets spread across increasingly fragmented forests, stretching from India to south-eastern china and from the Russian far east to Sumatra , Indonesia. Across its range, this magnificent animal is being prosecuted. Today tigers are being poisoned, shot, trapped and snared to meet the demands of illegal wildlife trade.

TIGER SUB SPECIES. Bengal (subspecies tigris) The Bengal tiger is the most populous type, with between 2500 and 4700 remaining in the wild. Most live in the mangrove forests of the Sundarbans in eastern India and Bangladesh. Some also live in the neighboring countries Bhutan, Myanmar, and Nepal . There are about 333 Bengal tigers in captivity. Males typically weigh around 500 pounds; the females about 300. All white tigers are male Bengals and have a double recessive gene that causes the coloration. Official status: ENDANGERED.

Indochinese (subspecies corbett) Indochinese tigers are centered in Thailand, but also in surrounding countries - Myanmar, southern China, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and peninsular Malaysia. They are smaller and darker than Bengal tigers, averaging around 400 pounds for males and 300 for females. Males average about 9 feet long and females about 8 feet in length (not counting the tail). Numbers in the wild are estimated to be in the range 1227-1785. There are about 60 in zoos. Official status: ENDANGERED.

Sumatran (subspecies corbett) The smallest and darkest subspecies, Sumatran tigers are reddish and have closely spaced stripes. The males average 250 lbs. About 400-500 remain in the wild, exclusively on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. About 210 of this subspecies are captive around the world. Official status: ENDANGERED

Amur/Siberian (subspecies altaica) These guys are the largest of the big cats. weighing in at 675 pounds and stretching a full 11 feet. The heaviest Siberian Tiger on record was 1025 pounds (Guiness Book of World Records). Only about 360-470 exist in the wild and there are roughly 490 captive. Their habitat is mostly Northeastern Russian. Despite their size, they have been known to jump as far as 33 feet. Official status: ENDANGERED

South Chinese (subspecies amoyensis) Unfortunately, there are perhaps only 20-30 South Chinese tigers left in the wild and 47 in Chinese zoos. They are found in central and eastern China. China joined CITES in 1981 and passed the Wild Animal Protection Law of the People's Republic of China in 1988. Official status: ENDANGERED.

Already extinct! The Javan tiger once roamed the Indonesian island of Java. The last one was seen in 1972 and is now believed to be extinct. The Caspian tiger once ranged from Turkey to Central Asia, including Iran, Mongolia, and Central Russia. They went extinct in the 1950's. The Bali tiger existed on the island of Bali. The last one was killed in 1937. There are no existing photos of a live Bali tiger .

Figure shows how the range of tigers has changed over the past 100 years. Once ranging all throughout India, southeast Asia, central Asia, and eastern China, only small pockets of natural habitat remain.

In early 1900's, world tiger population was estimated at around 100,000. By 1950, this number had dropped to 40,000. The lowest point of tiger population was about 4000 in the 1970s. Due to conservation efforts, the total number of tigers in the wild has increased modestly since then to around 5000-7000 today. At least twice that number exist in captivity. The tiger is officially classified as an Endangered Species, as are all of the remaining subspecies. They have been on the Endangered Species list since 1970. The tiger population dropped over the past 100 years by a factor of 25 - from an estimated 100,000 in 1900 to only 4000 in the 1970's. A concerted effort by wildlife protection groups in the 1970's halted their rapid demise and the global population of tigers in the wild has grown modestly to around 6000 at the turn of the century).

TIGER TIGER Fading Fast! Bitter truth! It’s official-India has just 1,411 tigers. the 2002 census figure of 3500 tigers was clearly an effort to cover up the sarkari failure to protect the glorious cat. This is the stark finding of the NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY estimation report. Safe havens dark holes Corbett,Uttarakhand Palamau,Jharkhand Kaziranga,Assam Nagarjun Srisailam,Andhra Pradesh Nagarhole,Karnataka Indravati,Chattisgarh Kanha,Bandhavgarh, Madhya Pradesh Ranthambore, Rajasthan

BIG CATS IN PERIL JAN 2, 2008 : One tiger seized at Bandipur,Karnataka Jan 6: A tiger poisoned to death at Wynad at Kerala. Jan 7: One tiger found dead at Kanha,MP. Jan 13: Three pieces of tiger bones seized at Jaigaon,West Bengal. Jan 21: One tiger skin seized at Munnar,Kerala. Jan 28: Tigress found dead at Katerniaghat,Uttar Pradesh. Jan 29: One tiger found dead at Gudalur, Tamil Nadu Feb 8: A tiger killed in road accident South Kheri division, UP Feb11: One tiger found dead at Melghat,Maharashtra.

CAUSES FOR TIGER DEMISE UNLIMITED POACHING a) supplying underground black markets with its organs, pelts and bones, which are used for fur, Chinese medicine. Dead tiger's parts are worth as much as $200,000 on the black market. The trade continues today in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Singapore, although tiger medicine is a hoax and has been shown to have no curative powers. b) hunted for recreation. Human expansion 3) deforestation (insecticides have reduced the danger of malarial mosquitoes in India, making land habitable that was previously home to tigers) .

Can they be saved? Yes! 1) Saving the forest patches. 2) Waging a war against poaching in tiger-breeding zones. The strictest enforcement of anti-poaching laws is a must-especially in the “hot spots”. 3) We need to make a national pledge-there will be no further shrinkage. Instead of spending a few crores thinly across the entire country, more can be achieved by focusing money and effort on identified “hot spots” like Corbett, Bandhavgarh, Kanha and some parts of the northeast where tigers truly have a chance to breed and grow.

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