Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Wheat Cultivars Xianchun Xia National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China China is the largest epidemic area of stripe rust in the world. Fifteen countrywide stripe rust epidemics have been recorded since 1950, and losses of 6.0, 3.2, 1.8 and 1.3 million metric tons of wheat occurred in 1950, 1964, 1990 and 2002, respectively. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China 2005, 2006: Epidemic areas are around 4 m ha, with yield loses of 240,000 tons under the application of fungicides. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Frequencies of races of P. striiformis tritici (2005, 2006): CYR31: -, 5.13% (2006) CYR 32: 29.97%, 29.82% Shuiyuan 11 races (including 14 pathotypes) 49.02%, 53.40% Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Frequency of virulence (2006): Yr3 (Danish 1): 95.98% Yr3b,4b (Hybrid 46): 41.75% Yr 6 (Trigo Eureka): 94.73% Yr9 (Lovrin 10 and 13): 79.06% YrA (Funo): 96.12% Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Effective genes currently: Yr5, Yr10, Yr11, Yr12, Yr13, Yr14, Yr15, Yr16, Yr18, Yr26, Yr27, YrC591, YrSpp and YrGaby Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Stripe rust epidemics in southwestern China

ResistantSusceptible Chuanmai 42 Chuanmai 107

Ten wheat regions in China 25 o 30 o 35 o 40 o 45 o 50 o Hot spot

Longnan of Gansu province is a hot- spot for stripe rust

Problems Frequent changes in the population of isolates of P. striiformis tritici Lack of diversity in resistance, about half of the Chinese wheat cultivars derived from 1B/1R translocation containing Yr9 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Crucial issue in wheat breeding for stripe rust Durable resistance! Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Breeding for Durable Resistance 1. Major genes ： pyramiding, multilines, gene deployment 2. Slow stripe rusting Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Deployment of Stripe rust resistance genes in Longnan of Gansu province

1.High-altitude areas Lantian 14, 15 (Yr13), 18 (from Flinor), 19 (Yr12), 20 (Yr16) etc. 2. Middle-altitude areas Lantian 11, 12, 21, Low-altitude areas Lantian 17 (Yr26), 23 (from SaxF4-7), Zhongzhi 1 (YrC591), Longjian 9343 (Yr10)

Studies for stripe rust resistance 1. Characterization of seedling and adult- plant resistance to stripe rust in Chinese wheat cultivars 2. Mapping of stripe rust resistance genes Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Seedling resistance to stripe rust wheat cultivars and advanced lines isolates of P. striiformis tritici Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Of the 98 cultivars and lines, 42 contain Yr9, 19 haveYr26/ Yr24, and others possess Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr6, Yr7, YrSD Three lines, N139, and 3S857, were resistant to all isolates tested Wheat Breeding, CAAS Seedling resistance to stripe rust

Yr15 was resistant to all isolates. Yr24 /Yr26 showed low infection type to all isolates except Yr10 displayed resistant to all isolates except and 。 Wheat Breeding, CAAS Seedling resistance to stripe rust

Characterization of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust wheat cultivars and lines 2 、 Beijing and Tianshui of Gansu province 、 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

1. Disease Severity, Infection Type 2. AUDPC, the Aera Under Disease Progress Curve AUDPC= Wheat Breeding, CAAS Characterization of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust

1. 32 cultivars showed adult-plant resistance, which were highly susceptible to the isolate CYR32 at seedling stage, but moderately/highly resistant at adult plant stage with lower FDS (Final Disease Severity) and AUDPC, 2. A significant correlation was found between FDS and AUDPC (r= ). Therefore, FDS might be a preferable parameter to AUDPC in breeding programs due to economy in assessing large numbers of genotypes. (Li et al. Plant Dis. 90: ) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in Chinese wheats 1. Stripe rust resistance in Zhou8425B Zhou 8425B was a good parent, from which 7 widely grown wheat cultivars and several advanced lines derived. Based on seedling test with 26 isolates of P. striiformis tritici, it may contain new stripe rust resistance genes. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Pedigree information: Zhou 78A /Annong 7959 (St / Nainari 60) ↓ Zhou 8425B (resistant to stripe rust, leaf rust and PM) During the past 20 years, about 40 cultivars have been developed from the line. (Seeds were offered Prof. Jorge Dubcovski, UC Davis) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B F 1, F 2 and F 3 populations from the cross Zhou 8425B / Chinese Spring Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Wheat Breeding, CAAS Fig. 1 Electrophoresis of PCR product amplified with SSR marker Xcfa2040 in polyacrylamide gel. A, allele for resistant parent Zhou 8425B (P1); B, allele for Chinese Spring (P2); Br, resistant bulk; Bs, susceptible bulk; An, Annong 7959; Zh, Zhou 78A; R, resistant F 2 plants S, susceptible F 2 plants

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B (F 3 families) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Reaction patterns of Yr2, Yr6 and YrZH84 to 26 isolates Wheat Breeding, CAAS Li et al. Theor Appl Genet, 112:

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Pedigree information: Chuanmai 42 from Syn769/Sw3243//Chuan6415 Syn769 was derived from Decoy 1, a T. turgidum accession (AABB), and Ae. tauschii 188 (DD). Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Chuanmai 42 /Taichung F 2 plants, 185 F 3 families Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai SSR primers bulked segregant analysis (BSA) Chromosome 1BL: Xwmc626, Xgwm273, Xgwm11, Xgwm18, Xbarc137, Xbarc187, Xgwm498, Xbarc240 and Xwmc216 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS Amplification of a part of F 2 plants derived from the cross Chuanmai 42×Taichung 29 using SSR marker Xgwm11. M ： Marker, P 1 :Chuanmai 42, P 2 :Taichung 29, B R :resistant bulk, B S :susceptible bulk, R:resistant progenies, S:susceptible progenies, *:recombinant progenies, Arrow on the right side

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS 1B1B

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS 1BS 1BL 1.6cM 2.7cM 5.6cM 1.3cM 1.9cM Xpsp cM Yr24 Yr26 YrCH42 Xgwm498 Xwmc44 Xgwm18 Xgwm273 YrH52 Yr29 Xgwm413 Yr15 4.3cM Yr10

Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS Li et al. Theor Appl Genet, 112:

QTL mapping for adult-plant resistance to stripe rust 1. （ Pingyuan 50 × Mianxian169 ） F 2:3 and DH lines ， , in Beijing and Gansu 2. （ Libellula×Huixianhong ） F 2:3 lines tested in Beijing and Gansu ， , （ N.Strampelli×Huixianhong ） F 2:3 lines tested in Beijing and Gansu, ， , Wheat Breeding, CAAS

Shuttle breeding with CIMMYT for adult-plant resistance

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