Bell Ringer: 11/16 & 11/17 Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. Peter the Great wanted to ______________________ Russia by making it more like western Europe. The Seven Years War was fought on the continents of ______________ and _______________. The Seven Years War was fought on the continents of ______________ and _______________. Maria Theresa ruled _________________. Maria Theresa ruled _________________. ________________ the Great was the last of the European absolute monarchs. ________________ the Great was the last of the European absolute monarchs.

Absolute Monarchs: England Describe the four important monarchs from the Tudor Dynasty. Describe the four important monarchs from the Tudor Dynasty. Describe the four important monarchs from the Stuart Dynasty. Describe the four important monarchs from the Stuart Dynasty. Describe the events of the English Civil War. Describe the events of the English Civil War. Describe the actions of Oliver Cromwell. Describe the actions of Oliver Cromwell. Explain the significance of the Glorious Revolution. Explain the significance of the Glorious Revolution.

England

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen

The Tudors Henry VIII Henry VIII –What do we know about him? Edward VI Edward VI –Son of Henry VIII –King at 10 –Died at 15

The Tudors Mary I Mary I –Daughter of Henry VIII –“Bloody Mary” –Persecuted Protestants

The Tudors Elizabeth I Elizabeth I –What do we know about her? –Expanded the empire  Colonies –Victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The Stuarts: James I Became king when Elizabeth I died Clashed with the English Parliament – –Insisted upon Divine Right and absolute powers Published English bible – –“King James Bible”

The Stuarts: Charles I Son of James I Refused to sign the Petition of Right that would have limited his powers Dismissed Parliament in 1629 and refused to call them back into session

English Civil War – : Parliament meets again Parliament limits Charles’ power – –Charles tried to arrest Parliament’s leaders, but they escaped Civil War breaks out between Royalists vs. Roundheads Royalist – Someone who fought for the monarchy Roundhead – Someone who fought against the monarchy

King surrendered in 1646 Charles I was charged with treason and sentenced to death – –Charles I was beheaded publicly on January 30, 1649 Charles’ death sentence

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The Commonwealth Oliver Cromwell - leader of the Roundheads 1654, Cromwell given the title Lord Protector He demanded complete obedience Laws against theater, drinking, dancing, gambling

The Stuarts: Charles II “Restoration Parliament” brings back the monarchy Parliament appoints Charles II (son of Charles I)

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

The Stuarts: James II Third son of Charles I – –Hid in France during the Commonwealth James II was unpopular because he was Catholic and believed in absolute monarchy

James II and the Glorious Revolution Parliament overthrew James II in the “Glorious Revolution” Glorious Revolution = bloodless overthrow of James II

Absolutism vs. Rights of Englishmen Who do you think is winning the tug of war now? Why?

William & Mary Mary and her husband William became King and Queen

Constitutional Monarchy William & Mary had to sign the English Bill of Rights FIRST England became a constitutional monarchy – –Monarchs could NOT tax without the consent of Parliament – –Trial by jury – –Freedom of speech Constitutional Monarchy = a monarchy that is limited by laws

Rights of Englishmen And the winner is …