English Monarchs & The Glorious Revolution Chapter 5.5.

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Presentation transcript:

English Monarchs & The Glorious Revolution Chapter 5.5

Elizabeth I Constant conflicts with parliament, usually about money – didn't want to pay for her large expenses Divine right to rule

King James I Divine right to rule Publicly compared himself to a god Conflicts with parliament Didn’t like to be told what to do Refused to make Puritan reforms.

King Charles I Always needed money for his various wars Dissolved and reinstated parliament to take money Signed Petition of Right: 1) No imprisonment without due cause, 2) No taxes without parliament consent, 3) Do not house solders in private homes, 4) No martial law during peacetime, but then ignored it Fines & fees to raise money

English Civil War Population hates Charles I for imposing fees, fines, unfair practices Scotland rebels their “new religion” and mounts an army to attack England Charles panics, needs money for defense, begs parliament Parliament opposes the king, passes laws limiting the king’s power Royalists/Cavaliers VS. Puritan Parliament Parliament wins, Charles is tried and executed

Cromwell The Puritan’s General Almost starts a republic, but creates a military dictatorship instead Worked with Puritans to reform society Promoted religious tolerance… Except for Catholics

Charles II Cromwell dies and the government falls apart Charles II is elected by parliament The Restoration begins Habeas Corpus

James II Took over after Charles II died Charles’ brother Catholic The Whigs opposed James, the Tories supported him (political parties) James flaunts Catholicism, appoints Catholics to high power positions, has a son Protestants panic over the idea of having a line of Catholic kings

The Glorious Revolution Mary, James’ eldest daughter was Protestant & married to a prince from the Netherlands, William Parliament asks William & Mary to invade James II flees to France

William & Mary England became a constitutional monarchy Parliament is a partner Bill of Rights Drafted: 1) No suspending of Parliament’s laws, 2) No taxes without parliament approval 3) No interfering with freedom of speech in parliament 4) No penalty for someone who expresses discontent with the king

The Cabinet Ministers (representatives) from the major party of parliament made up the cabinet Led by the prime minister