THE COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST PROPORTION OF NON-NATIVE RESIDENTS: - small nations or microstates  Andorra (77%)  Monaco (70%)  Luxembourg (37%) THE COUNTRIES WITH THE SMALLEST PROPORTION OF IMMIGRANTS:  Albania (2%)  Poland (2%)  Bosnia and Herzegovina (1%) The countries with the largest immigrant population: - small nations or microstates Russia (12 millions) Germany (10.1 millions) Ukraine (6.8 millions)

 Schenghen Agreement  free travel within Europe

A large proportion of immigrants in western Europe come from the former eastern bloc states Nowadays a lot of people are moving from Nothern Europe towards Southern Europe

Since the post-World War II decades and especially the later 20th century, the German-speaking countries of Europe have reflected striking demographic changes resulting from decades of immigration. Non-ethnic Germans now make up more than 8% of the German population. They are mostly the descendants of "guest workers" who arrived in the 1960s and 1970s. The Poles, Turks, Moroccans, Italians, Greeks, Portuguese and people from the Balkans form the largest groups of non-ethnic Germans in the country. As of December 2004, about seven million foreign citizens were registered in Germany, and 19% of the country's residents were of foreign or partially foreign descent. The young are more likely to be of foreign descent than the old. The largest group (2.7 million) are descended from ethnic Turks.

 Traditionally a country of emigrants, in the last 20 years Italy has become a country of mass immigration, with about 7.5% of the population fitting that description.  according to the last figure 5 million immigrants live legally in Italy  In some Italian cities, such as Brescia, Milan, Padua, and Prato, immigrants total more than 15% of the population.  Many illegal immigrants from Africa and Eastern Europe work as day laborers in the agriculture of Southern Italy, especially in the citrus and olive groves of Calabria and the tomato factories of Puglia. African immigrants typically pay smugglers in Libya for a transit to the Italian island of Lampedusa. From there they are transferred to detention camps in mainland Italy.

Since 1997 immigration into Finland from other EU countries has been growing continuously. Recently published statistics show that last year Finland experienced record immigration levels. According to the national statistics agency, 29,100 people immigrated to Finland from foreign countries during 2008, while 13,650 people emigrated from the country. The majority of immigrants have arrived from other European countries, mainly EU states. Sweden has the largest number of immigrants arriving there, with 3,715 last year, followed by Estonia and the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation has the largest total number of immigrants in Finland.

The majority of the 10.5 million inhabitants of the Czech Republic are ethnically and linguistically Czech (95%). Other ethnic groups include Germans, Roma, Poles and Hungarians. Historical minorities like those of the Germans and Poles are declining due to assimilation. The Roma community is growing while there is also a growing Vietnamese community. Other ethnic communities, among which Greeks, Turks, Italians and Yugoslavs, are found in its capital city, Prague. Since the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Slovaks staying in the Czech Republic have comprised roughly 3% of the population. In 2007, immigration increased the population by nearly 1%. Total fertility rate is 1.50 children born/woman in 2008, climbing since the beginning of this decade.

Representatives estimated at 16 to people, mostly in Carlsbad, Prague and Brno. First wave: In the twenties of the 20th century because of Comunism in SSSR. Second wave: after the colapse of SSSR

 Social gatherings on the occasion of major holidays  Cultural programs  Issue of Russian-speaking journals (Ruské slovo, Vesti)  Civic associations Ruská tradice, Ruský institut, Ruská občina

 a representative of the Russian ethnic minority in the Council since 2001; appointed its deputy chairman during the Council meeting of 17 May Active cooperation concerns: - Subsidies for the publication of periodicals - Subsidy policy of the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports to the national civic associations. Representative of the Russian minority is also a member of the Committee of subsidy policy and the Committee of the Council for cooperation with local authorities. S/he is a member of the Advisory Council Minister for Education, Youth and Sports Affairs of ethnic minorities and grant selection committees of the Ministry of Culture. The Russian minority is represented in the national minorities of the Municipality of the City

 Representatives estimated at people. Most in Carlsbad, Prague and Brno. Cca declaring the Ukrainian nationality.  Ukrainská iniciativa v ČR (UIČR)-focus primarily on domestic affairs, current events, information diaspora, information on children's programs, the Ukrainian diaspora in the world.  Ukrainian minority is represented in the Council for National Minorities with one representative. Active cooperation concerns: - Subsidies for the publication of periodicals - Subsidy policy of the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports to the national civic associations.

 There are also Asian minorities in the Czech Republic. The largest is the Vietnamese one.  During the communist era the governments of Czechoslovakia and Vietnam had a deal concerning the education of Vietnamese people in Czechoslovakia.  Vietnamese people came to Czechoslovakia for the first time in 1956 and then the number of new migrants grew until the fall of communism.  First generation Vietnamese work mostly as small-scale businessmen in markets. Many Vietnamese are still without Czech citizenship.  The majority of Vietnamese live in Prague as well as in Karlovy Vary Region, particularly the city of Cheb.

 Vietnamese people in the Czech Republic, including Czech residents and/or citizens, form one of the largest immigrant communities in the country, numbering more than 60,000 people.  According to the 2001 census, there were 17,462 ethnic Vietnamese in the Czech Republic. The Vietnamese population has grown very rapidly since then, with the Czech Statistics Office estimating that there were 61,012 Vietnamese residing in the Czech Republic in October  The Vietnames make up % of the Czech population.

 In the Czech Republic there are about Roma  Up to 57% of Roma living in the Czech Republic were unemployed in 2009  A large part have no elementary education  Roma adapted to the local religion and In Bohemia most of them are Catholics  According to most Europeans, Roma are discriminated against in the Czech Republic

 Famous Roma in the Czech Republic  Gipsy.cz – a singer  J. Bendig – a singer  V. Horváth – a singer  O. Giňa – the first Rome TV show host in the Czech Republic  Iveta Kováčová – a TV show host– Czech Television  Monika Horáková – Mihaličková - a politician