A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 1 USPAS Accelerator Physics 2015 Old Dominion University Colliders, Luminosity, & Crabbing Todd Satogata.

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Presentation transcript:

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 1 USPAS Accelerator Physics 2015 Old Dominion University Colliders, Luminosity, & Crabbing Todd Satogata (Jefferson Lab) / Vasiliy Morozov (Jefferson Lab) / Alex Castilla (ODU) /

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 2 Outline  Colliders  Why and where?  Issues  Accelerator Physics of Colliders  Event rate  Luminosity  Looking at the luminosity  Fixed target  Colliders: Gaussian bunches, head-on  Optimization knobs and complications  Hourglass effect  Crossing angle  Crabbing

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 3 Colliders  Where? Butchered slide from Steve Myers IPAC2012 New Orleans. STAR detector at RHIC, J.G. Cramer UW Colloquium 2002.

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 4 Colliders (2)  Why? Laurent Egli. Because they are super cool!

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 5 Probing “small things” SUSY?? Weak nuclear force Proton and neutron Quarks, muon Nuclear states transitions Electron Transitions in the inner-shell atomic states Atomic states transitions Lattice vibration in solids (phonons) ??

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 6 Accelerator Basics of Colliders

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 7 Accelerator Basics of Colliders (2) *F. Zimmermann, SLAC Summer Institute (2012).

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 8 Shining Beam on a Fixed Target

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 9 Shining Beam on a Beam (Collider) target = moving beam!

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 10 Collider Luminosity

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 11 Luminosity of Gaussian Bunches ariate_normal_distribution

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 12 Luminosity of Gaussian Bunches (2)

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 13 Luminosity of Gaussian Bunches (3)

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 14 Luminosity of Gaussian Bunches (4)  Again, for identical beams, no crossing angle, no dispersion, no off-set. Is this “optimizable”? What happens to the bunch’s shape here?

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 15 Turning Knobs for Luminosity injector and beam-beam total beam current Reduction factor: hourglass effect, crossing angle… More a complication rather than a knob?

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 16 Hourglass Effect *Werner Herr, CAS-Lectures, Bulgaria (2010).

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 17 Hourglass Effect (2) “Enigmatic” dependency mentioned before!

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 18 A Bit More Interesting Case (Crossing Angle)  Reduce parasitic collisions.  Physical space for magnets.  Better detector resolution. s x

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 19 Rotating Reference Frames (for each bunch) s x

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 20 For the Distributions in the New Systems

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 21 For the Distributions in the New Systems (2)

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 22 Crossing Angle w/o Correction IP

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 23 *R. Palmer, SLAC-PUB-4707 (1988).. electrons protons The Crabbing Concept

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 24 RF Transverse Deflection

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 25 RF Transverse Deflection (special case)

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 26 Local Crab Crossing Correction IP

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 27 Jefferson Lab’s Medium Energy Electron-Ion Collider

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 28 The MEIC at JLab Y. Zhang, et al. arXiv: v2 (2012). A. Accardi, et al. arXiv: v1 (2011).

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 29 The MEIC Layout V. S. Morozov, MEIC study group (2013). IP’s IP Ions Electrons

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 30 The MEIC Luminosity Approach

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 31 MEIC Crabbing Requirements ParameterUnitsElectronProton GeV560 MHz750.0 mrad50 cm10 m MV1.358 High repetition. Big crossing angle.

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 32 Transverse Kick (e.g. 750 MHz SRFD) Electric FieldMagnetic Field

A. Castilla / January 2015 USPAS Accelerator Physics 33 Most of the Content Borrowed from  W. Herr “Concepts of luminosity for particle colliders” CAS-Lectures, Varna, Bulgaria  F. Zimmermann “LHC: The machine”, SLAC Summer Institute  J. G. Cramer “Surprises from RHIC” UW Phys. Dept. Colloquium  And many more…