N UTRITION THOUGH THE L IFESPAN. N UTRITION & P REGNANCY Nutrition before conception Photo © PhotoDisc.

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Presentation transcript:

N UTRITION THOUGH THE L IFESPAN

N UTRITION & P REGNANCY Nutrition before conception Photo © PhotoDisc

F OODS TO AVOID DURING PREGNANCY Alcohol Certain types of fish Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

I NFANCY Growth is the best marker of nutritional status. Weight gain Double birth weight by 4-6 months Triple birth weight by 12 months Length gain Increase length by 50% by 12 months

E NERGY & NUTRIENT NEEDS : I NFANTS Requirements based on composition of breast milk Energy – highest needs of any life stage Protein – highest needs of any life stage Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

E NERGY & N UTRIENT NEEDS : I NFANTS Key vitamins and minerals Vitamin D Vitamin K Vitamin B12 Iron Fluoride Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

T HE S TART H EALTHY F EEDING G UIDELINES Photos © PhotoDisc

C HILDHOOD Energy and nutrient needs during childhood… Energy and protein Vitamins and minerals Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

C HILDHOOD NUTRITION What influences childhood food habits? Caregiver is responsible for what to eat Child is responsible for how much and when to eat. External factors © SW Productions/PhotoDisc/Getty Images

N UTRITIONAL CONCERNS OF CHILDHOOD Malnutrition and hunger Food security Federal assistance programs Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

N UTRITIONAL CONCERNS CONTINUED Food and behavior Foods associated with hyperactivity Childhood obesity Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

A DOLESCENCE Physical growth and development Growth spurts Changes in body composition Changes in emotional maturity

N UTRIENT NEEDS FOR ADOLESCENTS Energy and protein Highest total calories and protein grams per day Vitamins and minerals Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

I NFLUENCES ON ADOLESCENT FOOD INTAKE Insel, Turner & Ross, 2010

O THER NUTRITION - RELATED CONCERNS Fitness and sports Acne Eating disorders Obesity

G ROWING OLDER … Age-related changes Mobility Immunity Taste and smell Gastrointestinal changes

N UTRIENT -R ELATED CONCERNS & A GING Vitamins & Minerals Medications Other diseases Meal replacements

M ACULAR D EGENERATION

D IABETIC R ETINOPATHY

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