Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy DOE Office of Science Office of High Energy Physics Program Update Astronomy & Astrophysics Advisory Committee Feb. 15, 2005 Kathy Turner, Feb. 7, 2005 Kathy Turner

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Program News Dark Energy Task Force (DETF) being formed - joint subpanel - reports to HEPAP & AAAC New National Academy study started 11/04: Elementary Particle Physics in the 21st Century - joint OHEP & NSF-EPP - OHEP and NSF jointly asked for and are funding the study Task Force on CMB Research (TFCR) joint subpanel reports to HEPAP and AAAC next week final report coming in March Joint Dark Energy Mission Science Definition Team (JDEM-SDT) formed Meetings 11/04 and 2/05 Purpose: lay out the level 1 science requirements of a space-based dark energy mission

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FY 2006 Congressional Budget Request FY 2004 Comparable Approp. FY 2005 Comparable Approp. FY 2006 President’s Request FY 2006 Request vs FY 2005 Appropriation Basic Energy Sciences991,2621,104,6321,146,017+41, % Advanced Scientific Computing Res. 196,795232,468207,055-25, % Biological & Environmental Research 624,048581,912455, , % High Energy Physics716,170736,444713,933-22, % Nuclear Physics379,792404,778370,741-34, % Fusion Energy Sciences255,859273,903290,550+16, % Other383,620270,471278,734+8, Total, Science3,547,5463,604,6083,462, , % (dollars in thousands)

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY 2004/05/06 HEP Budget (B/A in Millions) FY 2004FY 2005FY 2006 Change Proton Accelerator-based Physics Research$76.4$75.7$75.4 Facilities (other than LHC) LHC LHC Support Subtotal$382.6$401.1$ % Electron Accelerator-based Physics Research$ Facilities Subtotal$145.0$143.9$ % Non-Accelerator-based Physics$47.3$46.9$ % Theoretical Physics$49.4$49.0$ % Advanced Technology R&D$96.8$94.7$ % Construction/NuMI$12.4$ 0.8$ 0.0 TOTAL HEP Budget$733.6$736.4$ % SBIR & STTR (included in Advanced Tech R&D)$(17.5)$(17.9)$(18.2)

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY 2005 Funding Allocation  Accelerator based physics (proton & electron) ~74%  Non-Accelerator physics ~6%  Theory ~6%  Technology R&D ~13% $401M $144M $95M $49M $47M

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Non-Accelerator Physics Funding ($k) actual as of 8/04 as of 1/05Pres.Req. Projectfy03fy 04 fy05fy06Comments VERITAS--1,6002,0501,149complete in fy06 Auger1,2301, complete in fy04 AMS1, complete in fy04 CDMS complete in fy04 GLAST/LAT8,5017,9008,421--complete in fy05 SNAP R&D3,0652,9502,9002,900pre-conceptual R&D Scientific Research (operating budget) labs16,38419,71316,21517,120 univ.12,30013,56516,39316,500 Axion-I, ADMX Milagro TOTAL44M 47M 47M 39M

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy The DOE HEP program in FY 2006  Overall HEP budget and priorities in FY 2006:  Tevatron and B-factory will be fully supported  LHC preparations will be fully supported  A reasonable level of support has to be maintained for the core research program in the universities and laboratories  Investment for near and long term new initiatives (including International Linear Collider R&D) should grow  Any new initiatives will have to come from re-direction  DOE has decided not to proceed with BTeV

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy High Energy Physics Program  Goal: Cosmic Connections Operating: Sloan Digital Sky Survey (w/NASA, NSF, foreign) dark matter, dark energy Supernova Cosmology Project, Nearby Supernova Factory dark energy Approved/Construction: *Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, CDMS-II (underground, w/NSF) dark matter Large Area Telescope (LAT) – GLAST mission (w/NASA, foreign)gamma rays, dark matter *Pierre Auger – ground array in Argentina (w/NSF, foreign)high energy cosmic rays AMS – Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer – ISS (w/NASA, foreign)cosmic antimatter VERITAS – telescope in Arizona (w/NSF, Smithsonian)high energy gamma rays Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) – at LLNL axion dark matter search R&D SNAP, CMB technologydark energy, CMB Proposed or Possible Future: JDEM (w/NASA)dark energy Ground telescopes/cameras (w/NSF)dark energy/matter * Partial operations at current time

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Sloan Digital Sky Survey 2.5 m Telescope Mosaic Imaging Camera 640 Fiber Spectrograph Telescope in New Mexico Taking data since 1998 – continues through 2005 Oct rd public data release  Data for 141 million objects over 5282 square degrees

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Purpose: direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPS) Location - Soudan Mine in Minnesota Data-taking: Started in 2003 with full operations starting in April First results released May’04: …set the world's lowest exclusion limits on the WIMP cross section, ruling out a significant range of neutralino supersymmetric models. CDMS-II 

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Pierre Auger – high energy cosmic ray detector array (w/NSF & foreign partners) As of Fall 2003, it’s the largest air-shower detector in the world Partial operations have started – construction expected to be completed by early Currently installed: 12 (out of 24) fluorescence telescopes commissioned > 652 (out of 1600) surface Cherenkov detectors operating 3000 km 2 site in Argentina Fluorescence telescopes water Cherenkov surface detectors

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System - VERITAS  Study of sources of very high energy gamma-rays in range of 50 GeV-50 TeV -- study extreme acceleration mechanisms  Location: Kitt Peak  4 telescope array started construction Oct  Operations start Oct  Prototype telescope built and tested successfully  Partnership of DOE & NSF with contributions from Smithsonian + foreign

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) Mission Primary Instrument: Large Area Telescope (LAT) - Collaboration between NASA, DOE, France, Italy, Japan, Sweden – managed at SLAC. -Has had technical problems since baseline set in July 2003 & needs additional funds. -DOE ’ s contribution will increase by $3M and has been capped at $45M. -In the process of rebaselining the DOE scope/cost now – remaining scope will be providing a well defined deliverable (data acquisition electronics and systems engineering) within the cap. -Has changed NASA/DOE relationship Measurement of high energy gamma rays from space - Energy and direction of gamma rays from 20 MeV to 300 GeV over wide field of view - launch in 2007

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy AMS - Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer w/NASA + foreign partners search for dark matter, missing matter & antimatter on the International Space Station Prototype (AMS-01) took data on STS-91 in 1998 AMS-02 fabrication complete in 2005 Launch and deployment on ISS currently planned for 2008.

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Dark Energy – Planning & Future  Developed DOE/NASA Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM) plan for a joint space-based mission – plan released 11/03  Science Definition Team formed; meetings 11/04 and 2/05  Purpose: lay out the level 1 science requirements of a space-based dark energy mission  JDEM is a high priority (tie for 3 rd place) in DOE’s Facilities for the Future of Science 20 Year Plan  JDEM & Large Survey Telescope (LST) are highest priority in the Interagency Physics of the Universe report Current Work:  Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) – continuing ground and HST measurements to collect statistics over large redshift range  Nearby Supernova Factory (SNFactory) – large sample of nearby supernovae to study properties in detail R&D efforts & planning  continuing R&D activities for SNAP — a concept for JDEM, using supernovae  Dark Energy Survey (DES) requesting R&D support – new camera for Blanco 4m telescope at CTIO - using galaxy cluster counting & spatial clustering of galaxies  Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) requesting R&D support – using weak lensing

Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy DOE HEP Future Planning In order to inform the Department of OHEP’s intent to pursue several new scientific topics, we plan to prepare draft requests for approval CD-0 “Statement of Mission Need”. → These are all for “medium-sized” proposals. Neutrino experiments such as:  reactor-based neutrino experiment to measure θ 13  off-axis accelerator-based neutrino experiment to measure θ 13 & resolve mass hierarchy  neutrino-less double beta decay experiment to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos Astrophysics:  Underground experiment to search for direct evidence of dark matter  Ground-based dark energy experiment This process will be in parallel with a Scientific Advisory Group process that will recommend which proposals to pursue in these areas.