Federal Concerns Regarding Hatchery Steelhead Spawning in the Wild NOAA Fisheries Salmon Recovery Division.

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Presentation transcript:

Federal Concerns Regarding Hatchery Steelhead Spawning in the Wild NOAA Fisheries Salmon Recovery Division

NOAA Fisheries Richard Turner Fisheries Biologist Hatcheries and Inland Fisheries Branch (Lower Columbia River ESUs)

Jurisdictions under the ESA NOAA Fisheries (formally know as NMFS) - jurisdiction over species that spend most of their life in the ocean. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service - species that spend most of their life on land or in freshwater.

NOAA Fisheries’ Integrated Mission ESA Treaty Trust Responsibility Recreational Fishing Policy Magnuson-Stevens Act

Tribal Trust Responsibilities Arise from Indian Treaties Reconcile trust responsibilities with statutory law Treaty rights not abrogated by ESA Federal Government cannot place excessive conservation burden on Tribes to avoid ESA jeopardy

NOAA Fisheries/USFWS Policy on ESA and Recreational Fisheries Purpose: meet conservation needs of species listed under the ESA while providing for the continuation and enhancement of recreational fisheries. This policy does not diminish or abrogate the responsibility for the conservation of listed species.

Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation & Management Act Promote commercial & recreational fishing under sound conservation and management principles. Foster and maintain the diversity of fisheries in the US.

Hatchery Programs NOAA Fisheries Review Provide Guidance Purpose of Program Consideration of Subbasin Plans Recovery Planning Process

Artificial Propagation Benefits Reduce Harm Preserve Recovery Options Improve Viability ConservationXXX Integrated Harvest XX Segregated Harvest X

Segregated Hatchery Programs Primary purpose is to provide harvest opportunities. Programs can use local or non-local steelhead for broodstock. Hatchery steelhead are marked to allow for harvest.

Segregated Hatchery Programs Concerns Genetic Introgression of Hatchery steelhead Juvenile Interactions Straying Harvest Impacts

Segregated Hatchery Programs Genetic Introgression of Hatchery steelhead –Hatchery steelhead spawning naturally –Overlap temporally with natural population –Overlap spatially with natural population

Segregated Hatchery Programs Juvenile Interactions –Earlier spawning times –Juvenile size advantage –Competition –Predation

Segregated Hatchery Programs Hatchery steelhead straying –Straying into other basins –Accounting for all returns –Recycling hatchery steelhead

Segregated Hatchery Programs Harvest Impacts –Mixed stock fisheries –Catch and release mortality –Encounter rates

Segregated Hatchery Programs Evaluation of Hatchery Programs –Contribution to Fisheries –Escapement to natural spawning areas Proportion hatchery steelhead on spawning grounds Timing and spatial distribution of hatchery steelhead spawning Natural production of hatchery steelhead –Straying into other basins –Accounting

Segregated Hatchery Programs Metrics used in evaluation –Proportion of hatchery steelhead on the spawning grounds –Harvest – meeting program objectives –Incidental impacts –Stray Rate –Success in spawning –Interactions with endemic steelhead

Addressing Concerns Genetic Introgression of Hatchery steelhead Juvenile Interactions Straying Harvest Impacts

Mainstem Releases Sandy Hatchery Releases Relea seBig CreekClackamasSummer SthdCohoBig CreekClackamasSummer SthdSandy LateSandyTotals YearWinter SthdSpring Chin Winter SthdSpring ChinWinter SthdSpring Chin ,000360,00038,000285,00050,00038,000877, ,000369,00038,000700,00040,00035,0001,325, ,000455,00038,000831,00041,00037,0001,506, ,000719,00040,000150,00060,000119,0001,372, ,000862,000290,00080,000290,0001,690, ,000700,000300,00075,000160,0001,395, ,00075,000160,000300,0001,235,000 * Proposed production levels. Note some production will be released into lower mainstem Sandy River.