Minerals Mr. Skirbst Earth Science Topic 22
Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal structure
5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring – Found in nature, not synthetic
5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - Not formed by or from living things
5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - Definite shape and volume
5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - 4.Definite Composition - Has a specific chemical formula
5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - 4.Definite Composition - 5.Crystal Structure - Repeating pattern of atoms
Mineral Identification
1. Color
Mineral Identification 1.Color Very variable, Not reliable
Mineral Identification 2.Luster
Mineral Identification 2.Luster The way light reflects off surface (metallic or non-metallic)
Mineral Identification 3.Hardness
Mineral Identification 3.Hardness Resistance to scratching (Mohs scale and field hardness)
Mineral Identification 4.Streak
Mineral Identification 4.Streak Color of powder when rubbed (streak plate is used)
Mineral Identification 5.Density
Mineral Identification 5.Density Mass per unit volume (“heft” used in field)
Mineral Identification 6.Crystal Shape
Mineral Identification 6.Crystal Shape Six basic shapes
Mineral Identification 7.Breakage
Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks:
Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks: Cleavage – smooth surface
Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks: Cleavage – smooth surface Fracture – rough surface
Mineral Identification 8.Special Properties
Mineral Identification 8.Special Properties magnetic, radioactive, odor, taste, glow, chemically reactive
Mohs Hardness Scale
Field Hardness Scale