Minerals Mr. Skirbst Earth Science Topic 22. Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal structure.

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Presentation transcript:

Minerals Mr. Skirbst Earth Science Topic 22

Minerals Naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal structure

5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring – Found in nature, not synthetic

5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - Not formed by or from living things

5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - Definite shape and volume

5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - 4.Definite Composition - Has a specific chemical formula

5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.Naturally occurring - 2.Inorganic - 3.Solid - 4.Definite Composition - 5.Crystal Structure - Repeating pattern of atoms

Mineral Identification

1. Color

Mineral Identification 1.Color Very variable, Not reliable

Mineral Identification 2.Luster

Mineral Identification 2.Luster The way light reflects off surface (metallic or non-metallic)

Mineral Identification 3.Hardness

Mineral Identification 3.Hardness Resistance to scratching (Mohs scale and field hardness)

Mineral Identification 4.Streak

Mineral Identification 4.Streak Color of powder when rubbed (streak plate is used)

Mineral Identification 5.Density

Mineral Identification 5.Density Mass per unit volume (“heft” used in field)

Mineral Identification 6.Crystal Shape

Mineral Identification 6.Crystal Shape Six basic shapes

Mineral Identification 7.Breakage

Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks:

Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks: Cleavage – smooth surface

Mineral Identification 7.Breakage The way a mineral breaks: Cleavage – smooth surface Fracture – rough surface

Mineral Identification 8.Special Properties

Mineral Identification 8.Special Properties magnetic, radioactive, odor, taste, glow, chemically reactive

Mohs Hardness Scale

Field Hardness Scale