Reducing CO 2 from Transport Energy Saving Trust Teresa Jackson

Car choice Top ten fuel efficient cars Smarter Driving Search for “ Act on CO2 ” on the web Car sharing

Our Key Messages Choose a fuel efficient car Drive it efficiently Use it less

Choose a fuel efficient/low CO 2 car

Vehicle Emissions CO Carbon Monoxide CO 2 Carbon dioxide NO x Oxides of Nitrogen Describes a number of combinations of nitrogen and oxygen molecule i.e. NO, NO 2 or N 2 O Unburnt Hydrocarbons Small droplets of unburnt fuel. These are very carcinogenic. Particulates Fine particles can have an adverse effect on human health. CO 2 and NO 2 are green- house gases. They cause global warming

Fuel consumed is directly linked to amount of CO 2 emitted Fuel and CO 2 Choosing a fuel efficient car Choosing a low CO 2 car =

The figures Fuel consumption Urban, Extra Urban and combined CO 2 emissions Air quality emissions More information from Vehicle Certification Agency New car models are tested using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) to establish:

CO 2 emissions119 g/km Urban mpg48.6 Extra Urban mpg (out of town) 74.2 Combined mpg62.7 Green label Ford Focus 1.6 TDCi Zetec

CO 2 emissions130 g/km Urban mpg46.3 Extra Urban mpg (out of town) 61.4 Combined mpg57.9 Green label Renault Laguna 1.5 dCi Dynamique

CO 2 emissions374 g/km Urban mpg12.4 Extra Urban mpg (out of town) 23.7 Combined mpg17.8 Green label Range Rover Sport 4.2 V8 HSE

Choose a low CO 2 car

BMW 540 Petrol CO 2 emissions 232 g/km Green label Combined fuel consumption 29.1 mpg

BMW 520 Diesel CO 2 emissions 136 g/km Green label Combined fuel consumption 55.4 mpg

Choose a low CO 2 car

VW Golf 1.6 FSI Auto (petrol) CO 2 emissions 182 g/km Green label Combined fuel consumption 37.2 mpg

VW Golf 1.9TDi Bluemotion CO 2 emissions 119 g/km Green label Combined fuel consumption 62.8 mpg

Petrol or diesel? Diesel is more efficient so uses less fuel – so CO 2 is less Petrol has lower air quality emissions Diesel cars with a Diesel Particulate Filter are the best of both worlds. BUT …

Petrol or diesel? Diesel cars are more expensive (+ £ 1000) Diesel fuel is more expensive (+15p p/l) Diesel is more efficient but due to higher costs, may not be the most economical option. Consumers need to weigh up costs and mileage to make the best decision.

Vehicle excise duty Fuel duty Company car tax (benefit in kind) Employer’s National Insurance Business Writing down allowances Congestion charges? UK tax, fuel and CO 2

Vehicle Excise Duty New VED (road tax) bands and rates – cars registered after March VED Band CO 2 emissions (g/km) Standard rate ( £ ) CO 2 emissions (g/km) Standard rate ( £ ) First year Rate ( £ ) Standar d Rate 4 ( £ ) AUp to B C D E FOver 186 ­ GOver H I J K L MOver rates take effect from 13 March Cars registered before 23 March Cars registered on or after 23 March Alternative fuel car discount: £ 20 bands A-I, £ 15 bands J-M; £ 10 all cars.

Look for best in class on CO 2 Check the car label Consider downsizing Evaluate the best fuel technology Advice on choosing a fuel efficient car

Best in class: Search for Act on CO2 Saving £500 p/a best in class v average (12k miles) Vehicle Certification Agency: What Car?: Coolest Car: Sources of information New Cars

Sources of information Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders: Parkers: DVLA Vehicle Enquiry: Used Cars

Alternative Fuels and Technologies

Alternative technologies and fuels Optimising petrol/diesel Hybrids Biofuels LPG Electric

Stop/start Gear shift indicators Regenerative braking Electronic gear box Low rolling resistance tyres Weight reduction Aerodynamic changes Optimising petrol and diesel

Hybrids Petrol and electric powered Main products in the UK from Toyota, Lexus and Honda Very low on CO 2 ratings Main benefit in city driving Perform poorly on the open road Diesel hybrids on the way

Hybrids Top Gear ’ s item on Toyota Prius versus the BMW M3 10 laps, Prius going flat out, around the track Toyota Prius = 17 mpg BMW M3 = 19 mpg A hybrid does not always achieve the lowest fuel consumption

Regulated Biofuels Fuel produced from crops Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) 5% all UK fuel Greater blends available: B30 – 30% biodiesel E85 – 85% bioethanol No cost benefit CO 2 benefits vary Limited infrastructure although improving

Unregulated Biofuels Pure plant oil or Recycled cooking oil: Car manufacturers do not warranty their vehicles when using these unregulated fuels. The Energy Saving Trust does not advise customers to use pure plant oil or waste oil as this could damage engines.

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas Improved air quality emissions Some CO 2 benefit over petrol ½ the cost of petrol but reducing tax incentive Car runs less efficiently

Electric CO 2 for electric cars: Peugeot 106 electrique from grid electricity g/km G-Wiz from grid electricity 65g/km Charge from renewables near 0g/km Ford Fiesta econetic 98g/km

Electric Electric cars Average range = 50 miles Average speed = 40mph New products coming There is a CO 2 benefit but costs are difficult to justify unless used in an urban environment - particularly where congestion charges exist

Drive Efficiently “Smarter Driving”

Smarter Driving Driving Techniques Vehicle Maintenance

Drive it efficiently Gears: Change up between rpm - Petrol and diesel the same Speed: –85mph vs. 70mph uses approx 25% more fuel –Most efficient speed usually approx 45-50mph Greater anticipation to avoid unnecessary acceleration & braking

Drive it efficiently Air conditioning –20-25% difference between a/c on full & off –Typically 5% overall increase (12 month period in northern Europe) –Windows down? Drive off immediately from cold Turn off if stationary more than a minute or two

Tyres: under-inflated by 10% add 1% to fuel consumption Maintain vehicles well through regular servicing Roof boxes and racks: remove when not in use Vehicle maintenance

The Benefits Reduce your fuel costs - £200 per year based on an average mileage Reduced emissions Fewer accidents Less wear & tear on the car 15% off

DfT’s Act on CO 2 web site: Search for Act on CO2 EST: Ecodriven: Smarter Driving

Use the car less

Using the car less Reducing Mileage Using alternatives

Reducing mileage Flexible working - working from home Plan trips – don’t get lost Invest in satellite navigation Use online services Do your shopping or pay your bills, car tax online rather than visit the post office

Using the car less Get active: Walk: promote walking for sub 1 mile trips Bike – Sustrans:

What are the alternatives? Public Transport See Transport Direct for options Contact local providers Book early! Give it a try – even occasionally.

What are the alternatives? Car sharing Try car sharing For more information see: Carplus: Liftshare:

Car clubs Car clubs provide a shared cars for communities to use. Awaiting evidence they reduce car use. More information:

Delivering Transport Advice Advice line enquiries Employee engagement Outreach events

Thanks for listening