Alternatives to biofuels: efficiency, efficiency and efficiency! Aat Peterse, T&E Berlin, October 6, 2007

Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK 49 Members – 21 Countries T&E membership

The scale of the challenge Annual energy needs of one man Annual energy needs of one car40 GJ 4 GJ

Towards a balanced development

There is no substitute for energy efficiency in vehicles and transport systems Best investment for climate, energy security and technological innovation 1 Energy efficiency

2 Biomass efficiency Source: JRC/EUCAR/CONCAWE, 2007 Biofuel in transport Biomass in electricity production

3 climate performance targets, not biofuel volume targets ! 9 January: Schwarzenegger proposes ‘Low Carbon Fuel Standard’ (LCFS) ‘Well to Wheel’ greenhouse gas emissions per litre of petrol and diesel - 10% in January: Commission proposes reviewed fuel quality directive, including lifecycle greenhouse gas target for petrol and diesel Similar targets

CO 2 Why fuel climate targets are crucial

4 sustainability certification An absolutely critical element Should include all relevant environmental and social concerns, including land use change policies should be based on its outcome !!

But displacement remains unaddressed … Even if biofuels are sustainable, they are still likely to displace other agricultural activity This is also relevant for biofuels grown in Europe !! Only solution: global approach to biodiversity and commodities – including fossils ! German approach (‘risk addition’ for displacement CO2) might be interim strategy

So … Even if biofuels are good, energy efficient transport and biomass to replace coal and oil in powerplants is better Move from biofuel targets to climate performance targets and sustainability certification Even then, the planet can only bear cautious and well-planned steps, not a wild rush