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W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School Control and Management Revision questions Biosphere (c)

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 1. What are the 3 main sources of pollutants? Answer: *Agriculture *Domestic *Industrial

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 2. From the following pollutants, say whether their source is industy, agriculture or domestic. industry agriculture domestic agriculture

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 3. For each of the pollutants mentioned below, suggest a method of control to reduce that pollutants. International agreements Clean air acts Lead free petrol

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 4. What are our 2 main ways of producing energy? Nuclear power Burning fossil fuels

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 5. Give 3 disadvantages of using fossil fuels. Soot produced by smoke reduces photosynthesis in plants. CO 2 produces global warming SO 2 produces acid rain

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 6. What are some of the disadvantages of using nuclear power? Dangerous radiation leaks Used fuel must be stored for thousands of years Low level radiation in cooling water from power station Long term effects of storing radioactive materials unknown.

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 7. Give 3 examples of materials which could be described as organic waste. Raw sewage (untreated) Dead leaves Stale food

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 8. Name a group of living things that use organic waste as a food source and in so doing bring about the process of decay. Bacteria

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 9. If a river was polluted by organic waste: In what way does the number of micro- organisms in the river change? What effect does this have on the amount of oxygen available to other organisms in the water? The number of micro-organisms would increase The amount of oxygen available would decrease

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 10. Under what 2 circumstances might a river become polluted by organic waste?  Sewage works overloaded in a densely populated area  Paper mills discharging untreated organic waste (paper fibres)

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 11. Why do the numbers of bacteria increase when sewage enters the water? Bacteria feed on organic waste in sewage. They grow and multiply, using up oxygen.

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 12. What is meant by the term ‘Indicator Species’ ? A species whose presence or absence can be used to tell us something about the environment.

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 13. The presence of which 2 invertebrates and no others indicates very highly pollutes water? Rat-tailed maggot Sludge worm

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 14. What effect does the amount of sewage have on the number of different species living in a river? The more sewage, the less number of species

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 15. What has caused the large decline in fish stocks in the North Sea? Over fishing In what way has the EEC tried to prevent further decline in fish stocks? Impose annual fishing quotas

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 16. Why might the introduction of a foreign species have a disastrous effect on a native ecosystem? Lack of predators can cause an increase in the numbers of the foreign species e.g. rabbits introduced to Australia

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 17. In Ethiopia why have certain areas of land been poorly managed, resulting in crop failure? Overgrazing Poor farming methods

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 18. How could the management of third world countries be improved? Supply them with modern machinery Train them in the use of the machines Educate them in modern farming methods

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 19. What are the 3 main things that a farmer must do to his land to produce high yields of crops? Keep the soil fertile – use fertilisers Prevent wild plants from competing -use herbicides Prevent and control disease – use pesticides

W. McConnell 2004 Kinross High School 20. What could be used by farmers as an alternative to fertilisers? Manure

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