Chapter Ten

 In 1828 Andrew Jackson was elected President  John C. Calhoun was Vice President  Resigned  Martin Van Buren replaced Calhoun  Democratic Party was born

 1 st President to live west of the Appalachian Mountains  Tennessee  Popular among men who lived in the West and South

 1 st President born in a log cabin  Common Man’s Hero  Populist – supporter of the rights and power of the people  On Inauguration Day, he opened the White House to EVERYONE!!

 Expanded Suffrage  White men with little or no property could vote  Brought together a coalition of “common men”  Factory workers in the Northeast  Farmers (non-slaveholders) in the South  Pioneer farmers in the West  Restructured Federal Institutions  Spoils System – give government jobs to supporters  Shut down National Bank – remove the wealthy unelected elite from controlling the economy  Kitchen Cabinet – group of informal advisors (often met in the White House kitchen)

 Railed against class supremacy / believed in white supremacy  Insistent on equality of white men / took racism for granted  Subjugation of Native American  Indian Removal Act  Supported Slavery  Jackson determined to keep slavery issue out of national affairs (gag-rule)

 In 1828, everybody came out to vote – Why?  Common man distrusted the Eastern elites!  Economics / Politics  Eastern elites ran the economy and the federal government  Common man did not want to be shut out!  Secure economic independence  Thought John Quincy Adams stole the Election of 1824

 Jackson portrayed as “a man of the people”  First to run a modern campaign  Songs  Slogans  Buttons  Parades  Rallies  Barbecues

 Tariff of Abominations passed in 1828 – a protective tariff to support the idea of a strong central government  Northern region was getting richer and richer (industry)  South Carolina was poor.  Farmers and high prices don’t mix.  V.P. Calhoun led a dispute against the tariff and said states could ignore federal laws if they believed those laws violated the Constitution.  Congress should not favor one state or region over another.  States should have more power than federal power. Conflict between the supporters of the tariff and the opponents and their disputes became known as the Nullification Crisis.

 Whigs were the “I hate Andrew Jackson” party  Born in 1832 to oppose “King Jackson”  Most famous Whig was Henry Clay  War of 1812 War Hawk  1824 “made” John Quincy Adams president  Speaker of the House  Great Compromiser on slavery issues  Never elected President

 William Henry Harrison  John Tyler  Zachary Taylor  Millard Fillmore  Whig Party died out in the 1850s… over the issue of slavery  Everyone that opposed slavery joined the Republican Party and voted for Abraham Lincoln  Jacksonian Democracy also died over the issue of slavery