Prepared by Heba O. Ammar Wafaa A. El-Mashharawi Reem Saaed

What is pronunciation? Pronunciation refers to the ability to use the correct stress, rhythm and intonation of a word in a spoken language.

*Are there lessons that have too many pronunciation items? There are pronunciation items in the lesson, but they are not too many. e.g, Grade 5: Unit(3)/ Lesson(3) focuses on rising and falling intonation.

Grade “5”

Grade”6”

Stage”2”/Grade”7”

Stage”3”/Grade”11”/Unit”5”

What does the TB say about Teaching pronunciation ? * Some of the sounds of English will be difficult for Palestinian children to pronounce. Keep a note of any they find difficult and make a point of practicing these each period. Encourage the children to listen carefully to the recording and to copy the speakers as closely as possible. Make this activity as much fun as possible –encourage the whole class to praise the children who manage to sound the most English! * Sometimes children will have difficulty hearing the difference between one sound and another, e.g. /k/ as in cat and /g/ as in goat. Try some ‘minimal pairs’ activities: these involve distinguishing between two words where the only difference is a single phoneme, e.g. coat and goat, pin and bin, fan and van, etc. Ask the children to listen to pairs of words like this and identify which sound is which.

Do all grades present pronunciation items and exercises ? EFP presents pronunciation items and exercises in its textbooks, but there are some grades present pronunciation items and exercises in the context of some activities.

Stage”1”/Grade”1’

Stage”2”/Grade”9”

Stage”3”/Grade”12”

What is stress? stress is the relative emphasis that may be given to certain syllables in a word, or to certain words in a phrase or sentence.

Stress exercises

grade”6”

Stage”2”/Grade”9”

Stage”2”/Grade”8”/Unit”7”

Does the contents page of every textbook present pronunciation items ? No, not every contents page in every textbook presents pronunciation items. e.g, in the first stage from grade (1-4) the contents page does not present the pronunciation items, but the unit, its context, and language. However these items are presented in the contents page in the textbooks from grade( 5- 12)

Stage”1”/Grade”1”

Stage”2”/grade”8”

Are the pronunciation items recycled in subsequent units or textbooks? Yes. We have some examples :- 1-In grade “5”, unit(11) and (15) contain sentence stress. 2-In grade “6”, unit(7) and(11) contain corrective stress. 3- In grade “6”, unit(14)and (22) contain exercises in W.B about schwa sound. 4-In grade “11”, unit (3) and (12) contain sentence stress. 5-In grade “12” and “5” contain an exercise about the sounds (p) and (b)

Grade”8”

Songs, rhymes, and poems

How many of each in every stage? PoemRhymeSong 0034 stage stage2 400 stage

* First stage PoemRhymeSong 008 Grade Grade2 008 Grade3 008 Grade4 0034

*Second stage PoemRhymeSong 241 Grade5 600 Grade6 600 Grade7 600 Grade8 400 Grade9 000 Grade

*Third stage PoemRhymeSong 000 Grade Grade12 400

How can the song be taught? Students listen to the song with closing the book, then teacher can write it on the board and make students listen to it with following of its words on the board. After that, teacher lets students to read single line individually. Teacher can let a clever student to read it loudly, Then all the class can sing together with doing actions.

Grade”3”

Grade”4”

How can the rhyme be taught? 1- Teacher let students to listen to the rhyme, then they can read the text aloud together. 2-Teacher can write the rhyme on the board and color every two words which end of at least one similar sound with the same color, and make students read every two words with the same color together. 3-Then teacher let students listen to the rhyme once again. 4-After that, Students can read it individually.

How can the poem be taught? The teacher can read the poem loudly and students listen with closing the book Then the students listen once again and follow the list on the textbook. Teacher lets to a clever student to read it loudly. Then the teacher make students to read it individually..

Stage”2”/Grade”7”

Pedagogical values for songs 1- receiving the attention of the students. 2- Teach students some morals e.g, sharing and helping each other. Example from grade”4”

Grade”4”

Pedagogical values for rhymes *Teach students Perseverance, Patience and Accomplishment. e.g, in Grade “5”

Grade”5”

Pedagogical values for poems *Teaching kindness, Caring, Compassion and Empathy. e.g, in Grade”6”

Grade”6”