AO-AD Unit 41 NYS Department of State Office of Fire Prevention & Control APPARATUS OPERATOR AERIAL DEVICE Outreach Training Course 79

AO-AD Unit 42 Unit 4 Aerial Device Operations

AO-AD Unit 43 Objectives At the completion of this unit the Apparatus Operator will  Learn to operate Aerial Apparatus utilizing information from past units to safely: Inspect, Transport Setup and stabilize, Operate the apparatus Perform risk analysis for ongoing Aerial operations

AO-AD Unit 44 Objectives The Apparatus Operator will understand the necessity of clear, concise communications  Know how to position their Apparatus at structures  Understand specific positioning and placement in relation to present and future needs  Select a site and position an aerial safely and efficiently  Understand the need for positioning or staging at fire scenes  Be able to raise and extend an aerial ladder and a tower ladder to a window and roof

AO-AD Unit 45 Objectives  Understand the practical applications for each type of Apparatus including these functions Rescue operations Exposure protection Ventilation Elevated fire attack Improvised standpipe operations Agricultural structures and silo considerations.

AO-AD Unit 46 Introduction The student will now apply all their learned skills to operate their Aerial Device.  Specific to the Aerial in use  Learn basic operation  Supplemented with hands on  Every department must have their own training program  All manufacturers have their own programs

AO-AD Unit 47 LESSON 1 AERIAL LADDERS- BASIC AERIAL LADDER OPERATION

AO-AD Unit 48 Ladder Operations  Raise & Extend as straight as possible Raise Rotate Extend Lower to target  One function or operation at a time

AO-AD Unit 49 Control Pedestals Main Controls  Raising and lowering the ladder  Rotating the turntable  Extending and retracting the ladder sections

AO-AD Unit 410 Control Pedestals Other controls  Hydraulic pressure gauge  Engine start button  Ladder speed controls  Ladder power switch  Intercom controls  Ladder angle and load charts or indicators  Deadman pedal and safety switches

AO-AD Unit 411 OPERATIONS  Raise Ladder to correct height  Rotate slowly to position  Lower to target  All valve movement must be slow and uniform No jerks or high rotation speeds  Be aware of devices on ladder tip

AO-AD Unit 412 Positioning ladder  Cantilever Unsupported position No part may rest on anything  Supported Tip rest evenly on part of the target  Follow the manufacturers recommendations

AO-AD Unit 413 Ladder Forces  Lateral Force Sideways force may be exerted by wind, water stream rescue attempts  Twisting Force Probably caused by uneven loading or uneven support

AO-AD Unit 414 Aerial Collapses

AO-AD Unit 415 Control Pedestal Configuration Left lever controls extension and retraction Middle lever controls rotation Right hand lever raises or lowers the ladder Notice the other optional controls and gauges on the panel

AO-AD Unit 416 Pedestal Levers  Left lever controls extension and retraction Move in the direction you want the tip to go  Middle lever controls rotation Move lever ahead to swing to the left and back to go right  Right hand lever raises or lowers the ladder Move lever back to go up ahead to go down  Move the levers in the appropriate direction

AO-AD Unit 417 Tip Controls Some tips may have electric control switches that work exactly the same

AO-AD Unit 418 SUMMARY  To become a skilled operator you must study and train to remain proficient and competent

AO-AD Unit 419 LESSON 2 OPERATING AERIAL LADDERS  Training  Familiarization Control location must be memorized and recognizable by feel alone They should readily be able to describe every control location and action by memory alone

AO-AD Unit 420 Ladder Operation  Release ladder locks if necessary  Remove tiller station if necessary  Install ladder pipe if needed  Checks for hazards  Raises ladder slightly above the required height

AO-AD Unit 421 Ladder Operation  Rotate to target Rotate slowly with no sudden stops or valve movements Stop gradually by feathering valve  Extend ladder until tip of fly is above target  Lower ladder to target Stay about 6 inches away so ladder will not touch target when loaded  Be aware of prepiped waterways

AO-AD Unit 422 Ladder Operation  Operator now checks rung alignment  Activate ladder locks if so equipped Some units must have the ladder retracted to lock it in place  Ladder may now be climbed Do not let load limits be exceeded

AO-AD Unit 423 Aerial Ladder Limitations  Load limitations Elevation and extension  Cold conditions  High heat  High winds  Grades  Low angles

AO-AD Unit 424 Aerial Ladder Failures  Overextension & Overloading

AO-AD Unit 425 Watch the Master Stream in the video

AO-AD Unit 426 Aerial Ladder Failures Low Angle Operations Point of Ladder Failure

AO-AD Unit 427 Aerial Ladder Failures  Low Angle Ladder Pipe Operation

AO-AD Unit 428 Aerial Ladder Failures  Low Angle Ladder Pipe Operation Failures  Shutting water off  No back pressure to support ladder  Some SOPs require 2 engines to supply the device to have an uninterrupted flow

AO-AD Unit 429 Aerial Ladder Failures  High winds or gusts  Cause ladder to twist or sway  Lateral or twisting force applied to unit  The truss fails  Older units may be supported by guy lines during high winds

AO-AD Unit 430 Aerial Ladder Failures Winter Operations  Cold Temperatures  Rain & Freezing Rain  Sleet & Snow Problems  Ice & Snow buildup  Physical property of ladder changes with the low ambient temperature  Lubrication may help ice buildup

AO-AD Unit 431 Aerial Ladder Failures  Exposure to Fire  Avoid direct contact  Clean smoke and soot particles  If exposed Re- inspect ladder

AO-AD Unit 432 Returning to Service  Scan the area  Drain the hose(s) or waterway if used for master stream operations Reduces weight and pressure on system  Disengage all ladder locks and safety devices  Older ladder may have to be extended to release ladder locks

AO-AD Unit 433 Returning to Service  Retract ladder fully and carefully to stops Be sure it is not resting on any support  Check for hazards and rotate ladder back to cradle alignment  Lower ladder to bed checking alignment arrows or indicator lights  Bed ladder per aerial specs  Reposition Tiller station

AO-AD Unit 434 Returning to Service  Activate diverter valve  Raise and or Retract stabilizers, jacks, or outriggers  Disengage PTO  Walk around and visually check unit  Ready for transport

AO-AD Unit 435 Summary  Know your apparatus.  Practice with your apparatus as much as possible  Never allow personnel on the ladder when retracting the ladder  Make all control inputs slowly and smoothly  Keep rotation speeds to a minimum

AO-AD Unit 436 Summary  Always be aware of obstructions and changing conditions  Avoid low angles if possible  Do not exceed load or angle limitations  Engage all safety devices supplied  Maintain and test your ladder per manufacturer’s policy

AO-AD Unit 437 LESSON 3 AERIAL LADDER TACTICS

AO-AD Unit 438 Basic Tactical Skills  Rescue operations  Exposure protection  Ventilation  Elevated fire attack  Improvised standpipe operations  Agricultural silo considerations

AO-AD Unit 439 Rescue Operations  Deploy apparatus  Victims in panic state  Properly position ladder at roof or window  Raise & Rotate & tip above victims  Safely Lower & Extend tip to victims

AO-AD Unit 440 Rescue Operations  Window 4-6 inches off sill with top rung even with sill  Roof 4-6 inches off roof with approximately 6 feet of ladder over roof for safe mounting

AO-AD Unit 441 Exposure Protection  Placement Considerations Wind direction Wind speed Building placement and type  Master Stream Operation  Aerial ladders Ladder pipes Waterways

AO-AD Unit 442 Ladder Pipes Operations  Ladder pipe to be set up before aerial is in position  Ladder should be moved as little as possible  During use consider nozzle reaction forces

AO-AD Unit 443 Ventilation  Deploy the Aerial  Consider wind direction  Roof type  Roof materials  Tools needed

AO-AD Unit 444 Elevated Fire Attack  Same mode of operation as exposure protection  Only a defensive posture  Positioning dependent on Fire location Fire volume  Consider building type and construction for possible collapse

AO-AD Unit 445 Improvised Standpipe Operations  Any Aerial Device may be used  Same mode of operation as exposure protection or elevated fire attack  Remove the nozzle from master stream  Attach a hose line  Put into position at window or roof  Begin operation

AO-AD Unit 446 Agricultural Silo Considerations  Be aware: Silos are unique structures  Normally we do not flow water into silo fires  Tremendous danger of collapse  Not designed to hold up the added weight of water  Rescue may be our greatest challenge

AO-AD Unit 447 Agricultural Silo Considerations  Silo Rescue  Provide access for rescuers  Remove victims  Operator must be proficient  Use ropes systems for rescue  Know you aerial devices specifications and limitations

AO-AD Unit 448 Aerial Errors

AO-AD Unit 449 Unit 4 Complete