The code which controls the CNC machine. CNC Programming The code which controls the CNC machine.

CNC Programming NC Code Sample NC Part and Program M Codes G Code

NC Code Components Lines of NC code contain instructions for the machine to follow. Some of the instructions prepare the machine tell the machine where to send the tool and control accessories on the machine.

NC Code Components Block Number (N) Preparatory Codes (G) Is the line number within the program Preparatory Codes (G) Prepare the machine to perform an operation Miscellaneous Codes (M) Perform miscellaneous functions within the program

NC Code Components Primary X Motion (X) Instructs the machine to move the tool to this X coordinate. Primary Y Motion (Y) Instructs the machine to move the tool to this Y coordinate. Primary Z Motion (Z) Instructs the machine to move the tool to this Z coordinate.

NC Code Components Circle Center X (I) the X coordinate of the circle center for circular interpolation. Circle Center Y (J) the Y coordinate of the circle center for circular interpolation.

Preparatory: G-Codes G90 - Absolute Coordinates – makes all coordinates relative to the origin G91 – Incremental Coordinates – makes new coordinates relative to the last point. G00 - Rapid Traverse (non-cutting move) – move the tool at the maximum rate of feed

Preparatory: G-Codes G01 - Straight Line Interpolation – move the tool in a straight line to the desired coordinates G02 - Circular Interpolation CW – move the tool in a clockwise direction through an arc G03 – Circular Interpolation CCW – move the tool in a counter-clockwise direction through an arc

Preparatory: G-Codes G04 - Dwell (wait) Pause between motions on all axis. Time in seconds - G04F2 - pause for 2 sec. G05 - Pause - waits for user intervention.

Miscellaneous: M Codes M02 - End of Program M03 - Spindle on [speed to follow (e.g. S3000)] M05 - Spindle off M08/M09 Accessory 1 on/off M10/M11 Accessory 2 on/off

Sample NC Program Block N00 G90 BLOCK SEQUENCE # PREP CODE – ABSOLUTE COORDINATES

Sample NC Program Block N01 G01 PREP CODE – S.L. INTERPOLATION

Sample NC Program Block N02 X.5 Y.5 Z0 F1 X COORDINATE Y COORDINATE Z COORDINATE FEED RATE (IN/MIN)

SAMPLE PART ABSOLUTE COORD. A 0.5 0.5 B 0.5 1.5 C 0.875 1 D 1.25 1.5 E 0.5 0.5 B 0.5 1.5 C 0.875 1 D 1.25 1.5 E 1.25 0.5 F 1.75 1.5 H 1.75 0.5 I 1.75 1

SAMPLE PROGRAM N00 G90 ;ABSOLUTE COORDINTAES N01 G01 ;STRAIGHT LINE INTERPOLATION N02 T1M06 ;LOAD TOOL 1 N03 M03 S3000 ;TURN SPINDLE ON TO 3000 RPM N04 G00 X.5Y.5 ;RAPID TO POINT A N05 G00 Z .1 ;RAPID TO .1 ABOVE PART N06 Z-.0625F9 ;PLUNGE AT 9 IN/MIN. N07 X.5Y1.5 ;MOVE TO B N08 X.875Y1 ;MOVE TO C N09 X1.25Y1.5 ;MOVE TO D N10 X1.25Y.5 ;MOVE TO E N11 Z.1 ;RETRACT CUTTING TOOL

Sample Program Continued N12 G00 X1.75Y1.5 ;RAPID TO POINT F N13 Z-.0625F9 ;PLUNGE AT 9 IN/MIN. N14 X1.75Y.5 ;MOVE TO H N15 N16 G03 X1.75Y1.5I1.75J1 ;CCW CIRCLE INTER. ;CUT THE ARC TO X1.75Y1.5 ;WITH CIR CENTER AT X1.75Y1 N17 G01Z.1 ;RETRACT CUTTING TOOL N18 M05 ;TURN OFF SPINDLE N19 T00M06 ;UNLOAD CUTTING TOOL N20 M02 ;END OF PROGRAM