Conservation of Medicinal Plants: Experiences from Sri Lanka Ranjith Mahindapala IUCN – The World Conservation Union Asia Regional Office, Bangkok

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
LEGAL AND REGULATORY REGIME FOR ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARING IN KENYA Presented By: Anne N. Angwenyi National Environment Management Authority (Kenya)
Advertisements

National Herbarium & Botanic Gardens of Malawi
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATION CENTER WIPO/INN/MCT/04/3 WIPO NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON INNOVATION SUPPORT SERVICES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT Muscat, April 20, 2004.
Access to and Use of Traditional Knowledge A view from industry Bo Hammer Jensen.
Policies and Procedures for Civil Society Participation in GEF Programme and Projects presented by GEF NGO Network ECW.
Agrobiodiversity and Intellectual Property Rights: Selected Issues under the FAO International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
Green Economy Scoping Study for Barbados: Honing Enabling Mechanisms for Advancing a Green Economic Agenda Prepared for: The Government of Barbados Prepared.
CONSERVATION and SUSTAINABLE USE of MEDICINAL PLANTS (CSMPP)
INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE. 2 Implemented in 12 countries of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East, through IUCN regional.
Development of Intellectual Property Policies at Universities and Research Centers Mr. Ryszard Frelek, Division for Certain Countries in Europe and Asia,
REEP A Process Model for Developing and Implementing Collectively owned enterprises in rural areas (AgriSETA Workshop: Premier Hotel O.R. Tambo) 21 September.
INTRODUCTION Organogram of DoF My role In the Department of Forestry
The Convention on Biological Diversity, access to genetic resources and IPR Yovana Reyes Tagle University of Helsinki.
Access and Benefit Sharing and the Nagoya Protocol Nashina Shariff Manager Environmental Stewardship Branch November 2014.
PRESENTED BY ELIZABETH TAMALE ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER MINISTRY OF TRADE, INDUSTRY AND COOPERATIVES AID FOR TRADE, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND DEVELOPMENT-
OPTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGAGEMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN GEF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES presented by Faizal Parish Regional/Central Focal Point GEF NGO.
NAMIBIA YOUTH CREDIT SCHEME (NYCS) Empowering the Youth, Securing the Future Programme Document : NYSC Programme Secretariat Ministry of Youth.
Swayam Shikshan Prayog Groots International & Huairou Commission
OBLIGATIONS TO PROTECT MARINE ECOSYSTEMS UNDER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND OTHER LEGAL INSTRUMENTS Transform Aqorau Scientific Symposium of the Reykjavik.
1 Roles of UNEP, GEF & CBD in the Environment 2 nd Training Workshop for BCH Regional Advisors May 2006 Bangkok, Thailand.
WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy and Guidelines Dr Arvind Mathur MD, DHA, DNB Cluster Coordinator Family & Community Health WHO-India World Health Organisation.
THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN WELFARE MIX MODEL CREATION Best Practice Model Social Center "Home of colors"
TRANSED 2012 – INDIADevelopment with Disabled Network Holistic Approach to Develop a Barrier Free Environment for People With Disabilities (PWDs) in Sri.
Approaching & Engaging the Community: Community Biodiversity Registers
Mangroves for the Future promoting investment in coastal ecosystem conservation.
The International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation A progress report on implementation Suzanne Sharrock BGCI.
Committing to three basic principles: Honey Bee Network What ever is learned from people must be shared back with them in their language and in the manner.
Community Driven Development in Natural Resource Management in Romania From biodiversity project to country- wide forestry sector reform.
Gender and the Forest Investment Program Stacy Alboher Linda Mossop-Rousseau FIP Pilot Countries Meeting Cape Town, June 22, 2011.
RARE’s mission: To protect wildlands of globally significant biological diversity by enabling local people to benefit from their preservation. Rosemary.
Improve Forest Law Enforcement and Governance in the Mekong Region World Bank-FLEG – Todd Sigaty ASEAN ASOF 2009.
Conservation of Biodiversity. International Organizations International Agreements National organizations and laws Protected areas Protected species.
Peter Gondo. Session1: INTRODUCTION TO THE NLBI/FOREST INSTRUMENT BACKGROUND AND ORIGIN OF THE NLBI PURPOSE OF THE NLBI G UIDING P RINCIPLES OF THE NLBI.
Efforts being made by the Government of Sri Lankato promote responsible Small scale fisheries & the rights of small scale fishing communities Shantha Bandara,
Sri Lanka Ministry of Indigenous Medicine.
Information and international biodiversity conventions Eliezer Frankenberg Nature and Parks Authority.
Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency National Capacity Self Assessment (GEF/UNDP) The Third GEF Assembly Side Event – 30 th August,2006 Cape town Integrating.
LAW, JUSTICE AND DEVELOPMENT WEEK 2011 “Draft Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests” Patrice Talla,
Session 4: The Convention on Biological Diversity Making Access Decisions.
Promoting CARICOM/CARIFORUM Food Security (Project GTFS/RLA/141/ITA) (FAO Trust Fund for Food Security and Food Safety – Government of Italy Contribution)
Crosswalk of Public Health Accreditation and the Public Health Code of Ethics Highlighted items relate to the Water Supply case studied discussed in the.
Social Dimensions of MPAs Ramya Rajagopalan International Collective in Support of Fishworkers.
United Nations Environment Programme Regional Cooperation and Coordination Experiences Marieta Sakalian Programme Management/Liaison Officer Biodiversity.
Characterization, Inventory and Monitoring of trends in indigenous livestock Dr. E. D. Ilatsia D. N. Kamiti 23-Oct-15Animal Breeding and Genomics Group1.
Philippines Country Report On Sustainable Forest Management
The EU Commission's legislative proposal on implementing the Nagoya Protocol in the Union I.Background II.Preparatory work done in support of the proposal.
1 Proposal To Extend the Application of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Biosafety Protocol to the Hong Kong SAR.
“PERUVIAN EXPERIENCE IN THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE” Presentation by Minister Counsellor Betty Berendson, Deputy Permanent Representative of.
OPTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR ENGAGEMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN GEF PROJECTS presented by Ermath Harrington GEF Regional Focal Point.
FARM Africa/SOS Sahel Ethiopia Strengthening Sustainable livelihoods and Forest Management Over view of the program April 6, 2013 Bahir dar.
Policies and Procedures for Civil Society Participation in GEF Programme and Projects presented by GEF NGO Network ECW.
LAND POLICY AND LAND ADMINISTRATION Mark Marquardt Best Practices for Land Tenure and Natural Resource Governance in Africa October 2012.
Indigenous and Tribal Peoples | | Convention No.169 on indigenous and tribal peoples.
Law and Policy of Relevance to the Management of Plant Genetic Resources Session 7: IPRs II: How Intellectual Property Rights Can Affect the Daily.
NATIONAL CONFERENCE Intellectual Property Policies for Universities and Innovation dr. sc. Vlatka Petrović Head, Technology Transfer Office Acting Head,
MICRO CREDIT FACILITIES. Presented by:- Prachi Sharma Priyanka Rai MBA(HR)
© 2004 The IPR-Helpdesk is a project of the European Commission DG Enterprise, co-financed within the fifth framework programme of the European Community.
Dr. Pen Sunna National Centre of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health.
Veterinary and Phytosanitary Regulation Department
Fire Management - Voluntary Guidelines Principles and Strategic Actions.
A Sustainable Tourism Framework for the Caribbean Mercedes Silva Sustainable Tourism Specialist Caribbean Tourism Organization “Ma Pampo” World Ecotourism.
PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE ASSESSMENT (PGA) OVERVIEW OF PILOT RESEARCH IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA Tony Atah, UN-REDD+ Stakeholder Engagement Specialist.
Steps for the Integration of Traditional Medicine in the National Health Care Delivery System 18 TH ICASA Special Session on Traditional Medicine 1 st.
Development of Gender Sensitive M&E: Tools and Strategies.
1 Swedish Committee for Afghanistan Livelihood Project (Female Economic Empowerment Project) Presenter: Fawad Sultani.
TAIEX-REGIO Workshop on Applying the Partnership Principle in the European Structural and Investment Funds Bratislava, 20/05/2016 Involvement of Partners.
Overview Rationale Context and Linkages Objectives Commitments
Overview Rationale Context and Linkages Objectives Commitments
Ministry of Indigenous Medicine
Map of project area study sites in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay
Presentation transcript:

Conservation of Medicinal Plants: Experiences from Sri Lanka Ranjith Mahindapala IUCN – The World Conservation Union Asia Regional Office, Bangkok

Traditional Systems of Medicine Practiced over 3,000 years About 35% of the population dependent on ayurveda In Sri Lanka, 1,400 plants used  200 species in common use  50 species heavily used  considered threatened

Threats to Medicinal Plants  Increasing use (including industrial use)  Collection haphazard and unmanaged  Villagers using them for home remedies  Collection by traditional practitioners  Practitioners of rituals collecting requirements  Commercial collectors  Increasing exports  Destructive harvesting techniques  Deforestation  Habitat destruction

Conservation and Sustainable Use of Medicinal Plants Project  In situ conservation  Ex situ conservation  Information and Institutional support

In situ Conservation Criteria for Medicinal Plant Conservation Areas  Presence of important species (and active collection)  Human Pressure (dependency)  Habitat destruction ……. MPCAs in biogeographically representative areas:  Naula (intermediate zone)  Rajawaka (intermediate/wet zone)  Bibile (dry zone)  Kanneliya (wet zone) Emphasis on Community Management

5 MPCAs NAULA BIBILE KANNELIYA RAJAWAKA RITIGALA

Conservation Area Project Management Unit  Office for meetings  Demonstration Garden  Nursery  Medicinal Plant Processing Facility  Ayurvedic dispensary  Information Centre

Baseline data Collection  Socio economic survey (livelihoods, demography, income, dependency....)  Ethnobotanical Survey (in two phases)  Resource Survey (including threats, population structures…)

Example of Income Levels – Bibile MPCA Income level (SL Rs) Percentage of families Rs 500 or less 14 Rs 500 – Rs 1001 – Rs Rs 2001 – Rs Rs 3001 – Rs Over Rs

Ethnobotanical Survey- Importance of Plants Medicinal Plant SpeciesPerceived Importance in the GNDs (No. of declared GNDs out of 7) Cumulative Score DomesticCommercialThreatened Aerva lanata 7/7 5/719/21 Munronia pinnata 6/77/76/719/21 Azadarichta indica 7/7 4/718/21 Madhuca longifolia 5/77/74/716/21 Solanum virginianum 5/7 3/713/21 Asparagus gonocladus 6/73/72/711/21 Strychnos nux-vomica 1/75/74/710/21 Salacia reticulata 1/75/73/709/21 Asterocantha longifolia 5/72/71/708/21 Hemidesmus indicus 6/72/70/708/21 Cassia auriculata 4/73/71/708/21

Resource Inventory  Provided a baseline assessment of the distribution, associated populations structures and densities, and ecological requirements of the medicinal plant species  Provided an informed basis for ongoing in situ conservation of medicinal plants species and ex situ cultivation

Community Management Aspects  Community mobilization and empowerment  Convincing communities on the project benefits  Organization into Committees  Village Project Management Committees (VPMC) each having about 10 villages10 villages  Apex Conservation Area Management Committee (CAMC)  Village Micro-plans (identifying and implementing activities)  Mainstreaming project activities with other stakeholder agencies

MPCACommunity Management AspectsCommunity Management Aspects CORE FOREST V 10 V 1 V 5 V 4 V 9 V 7 V 2 V 3 V 8 V 6

 In situ conservation of threatened medicinal plants in their natural habitats, including identification of rare species  Ex situ conservation / cultivation in home gardens  Promotion of community well-being  Implementation of related development activities  Creation of community awareness  Promotion of indigenous medicine practices, and supporting guru kula practices  Promotion of wider linkages with others Community Organization Objectives

Functional Relationship for Project Activities CAMC VPMC Project Management Unit MPCA Project Office Other Stakeholder Agencies

Community Participation – what have they done? (1/2)  Recognition of the value of conservation  Forest fire belts  Forest vigilant committees  Enrichment planting of the forest (including river bank planting)  School medicinal gardens  Joint Forest Management aspects  MoU with the Forest department (protection, sustainable harvesting etc.)

Community Participation – what have they done? (2/2)  Commercial scale organized planting  Processing medicinal plants and linking with drug manufacturing facilities  Processing vegetables during the season  Production of ayurvedic medicine  Bee keeping  Nurseries and Supply of planting materials/Germplasm collections  Development of a Revolving Fund for further enterprise development and for micro-credit.

Active Membership and Funds Collected (Bibile MPCA) VPMC No. of families No. of Members No. of active members VPMC fund (SL Rs) Hamapola , Thotillakatiya , Pitakumbura , Nilgala , Bulupitiya , Urawala , Galgamuwa , Nilliyadda , Ratugala ,480.00

Institutional and State Support (1/9)  Assist in Joint Forest Management – access to the forest  Awareness of the flora in the locality  Studies on Sustainable Harvesting Levels (Terminal chebula, Phyllanthus emblica, Coscinium fenestratum etc.)  Commitment to long-term studies  Exposure of communities to similar work in India  Sharing Ethnobotanical information and documenting in local language

Institutional and State Support (2/9)  Developing propagation techniques (22 species)  Developing nursery practices  Providing technical know-how for nurseries and planting  Facilitating outgrower systems and purchasing  Primary processing

Institutional and State Support (3/9)  Product development  Seasonality of medicinal plants  Other products such as vegetable drying, herbal teas and soups etc  Provide training in quality control and process control  Documentation of procedures  Facilitating marketing

Institutional and State Support (4/9)  Traditional Knowledge Knowledge base of traditional medicinal systems is threatened. Only a small proportion of the traditional knowledge and the ethnobotanical information is documented. The majority remains recorded in ancient, obscure ola (palm leaf) manuscripts scattered around the country or in the memory of elderly practitioners.

Institutional and State Support (5/9)  The Guru Kula system Elderly practitioners would normally not pass on such information, except to those trusted acolytes, preferably from the family. The guru-kula system of ancient teaching of traditional knowledge is fast disappearing. This knowledge not only addresses health care of individuals it also addresses the traditional care and management of the natural resources. Preservation of traditional knowledge, particularly as it relates to the use of medicinal plants is essential.  Support provided include:  Identifying acolytes and teachers  Facilitating attachment training  Formal recognition of the system

Institutional and State Support (6/9)  The Project’s approaches to address the IPR issues were two fold –A set of guidelines was provided to address IPR issues pertaining to the launching and implementation of project activities –The Project formulated the legislation on safeguarding IPR on the use of medicinal plants as a long-term measure.

Institutional and State Support (7/9)  Legal framework to safeguard traditional knowledge Sri Lanka’s the legislative framework does not specifically address the status of medicinal plants and the traditional knowledge related to them; In response, this legislation was formulated through comprehensive consultations with the stakeholders; Extensive review over a period of time by the Intellectual Property Rights Committee; the proposed law is very useful in that it provides a legal position for the holders of traditional knowledge to register, and seek benefits, the proposed legislation addresses Sri Lanka’s obligations to the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Institutional and State Support (8/9)  The Scope of the Legal framework Access to traditional knowledge relating to medicinal plants and use thereof. Equitable sharing of benefits derived from the access to traditional knowledge relating to medicinal plants and use thereof. To the registration of traditional knowledge relating to medicinal plants and use thereof in the Register of Traditional Knowledge. This Act shall not hinder or affect access to and the transfer of traditional knowledge relating to medicinal plants and use thereof for traditional purposes.

Institutional and State Support (9/9)  Rights of the holders of Traditional Knowledge Any holder of traditional knowledge may conclude a license contract for access to such traditional knowledge in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Nothing in the Act shall prevent any holder of traditional knowledge whether a registered holder of traditional knowledge or not, from entering into license contract for access to such traditional knowledge with third parties.

Some issues and Constraints  Conservation requires wider participation of communities – need to enhance membership  Conservation need to be supplemented/ complemented with economic benefits  Management aspects of communities to be developed  Monitoring & evaluation  Leadership issues; accountability  Relationships with local administration; issue of partnerships  Poor recognition of conservation activities

Conclusions  Exit strategy of the Project  Training in management and finances, for community members;  Providing a business plan;  Institutional strengthening, to convert the CAMC into a company (under the Companies Ordinance), with membership from VPMCs;  Conduct ayurvedic clinic  Continue the drug manufacturing, medicinal plant processing facilities  Establishing linkages with private sector  Novel concept needing consolidation  Project providing lessons for pilot testing (Income generation, JFM etc.)

Thank you for your interest !