Watershed Programme (IWDP/DPAP) in Jharkhand by B. NIJALINGAPPA Additional Secretary Department of Rural Development, Jharkhand, Ranchi Date- 2-3 August 2004 Place- Hyderabad Organiser- WASSAN

Jharkhand at a Glance Capital-Ranchi Total Geographical Area-79,714 Sq. km. Division-5 Districts-22 Sub-Division-35 No. of Blocks-211 No. of Villages-32,620 Total Numbers of Panchayats-3,759 Total Numbers of Lok Sabha Seats-14 Total Numbers of Assembly Seats-82 Total Population-2,69,09,428 Density of Poverty-338 persons/Sq. km. Total ST Population-28% of total population Total SC Population-12% of total population Literacy Rate-54.13% BPL-54.00%

Land Use Pattern Total Geographical Area lakh hec. Total Cultivable Land lakh hec. Net Sown Area lakh hec (25%) Net Irrigated Area lakh hec (8%) Forest Area lakh hec (29%) Wasteland lakh hec (18.97%)

Land Administration in Jharkhand 1. Chhotanagpur Tenancy Act (1908) 2. Santhalparagna Tenancy Act (1949)- Dumka, Sahebganj, Godda, Deoghar, Pakur 3. Bihar Schedule Area Regulation Act, Wilkinson Rules (Under Bengal Regulation XIII of 1833) 5. Indian Forest Act Forest Conservation Act Joint Forest Management Resolutions 1990 & Mining (Coal Bearing Act)

Rainfall in Ranchi, Palamu & Hazaribag Districts in Jharkhand State Rainfall in Ranchi, Palamu & Hazaribag Districts in Jharkhand State

SCHEDULE AREA IN JHARKHAND

DPAP BLOCKS IN JHARKHAND

DPAP PROJECTS IN JHARKHAND

IWDP PROJECTION IN JHARKHAND

Evaluation of IWDP Projects By SIRD, Ranchi

Outcome of the Watershed Workshop-11th March 2004 Proposals 1.WDT members- Quality training, Exposure visits, Project management. 2. Regular district level watershed committee meeting should be held. 3.Block level committee should also be formed so that full involvement of block level officials is ensured. 4.Block level officials should also be included in the district WAC. 5.NGOs, WDT, Govt. Officials should be trained in renowned institutions like MANAGE or MYRADA. 6.One PIA should get at least 5000 hec. Area for implementation. 7.Cost of the project should be based on quantum and nature of work required for eventual requirement. 8.One percent project cost to prepare DPR to be given to PIA. 9.Line departments should be the partners with WDT for planning, evaluation and implementing.

Impact Assessment Study of Watershed Development Projects in Jharkhand State Points for action  Guidelines for implementation of these projects were not meticulously followed, watershed association and watershed committees were not as per the guidelines.  Assets created was not satisfactory and most of them abandoned. Non use of assets.  Communities involvement in planning and designing was generally weak.  There were only 920 training camps were organised in four years and 772 persons were trained, which included 16% females consequently the projects have not succeeded in arousing community awareness for managing the land and water resources in an eco friendly manner.  Positive impact of the programmes was observed in terms of irrigability and crops coverage, the productivity increase has been inadequate and reflecting feeble of the watershed projects.

Some of the findings of the Study are listed below:  Performance of both DPAP and IWDP in the assigned districts was quite unsatisfactory in terms of the utilisation of financial allocations. In case of IWDP, the utilization was 67% and for DPAP, it was 65%.  The land use pattern in the selected watershed project areas in the assigned districts has shown improved land utilisation. The impact of the watershed development programmes is seen in the decrease in current follows by 9% and unused cultivable lands by 16% in the watershed area under DPAP. The net sown area and gross cropped area have recorded a moderate increase of 4% and 9% respectively after implementation of watersheds, which in turn increased the cropping intensity to 63.8% from 57.9% in the pre project period. There is no such change reported under IWDP.  The soil and water conservation works carried out in the watershed area under DP AP have effected augmentation of ground water as a result of deep percolation of rainwater and continuing stream flows. Also, water storage in percolation tanks and check dams have helped in improving the soil moisture regime. Area under irrigation, particularly during rabi season has increased.  The watershed districts have been found to be rich in animal population. Through watershed programmes, the animal population has increased by 12.9%. In case of poultry and fisheries, the change is extraordinary, registering an increase of 31 % and 158.6% respectively.  The watershed projects in almost all the districts have generated employment opportunities for the inhabitants of the project area.  The quality of maintenance of the functional assets is rated as 20% very good, 63% good and 16% fair. Only 1 percent is of poor quality, confined to Bokaro (1 earthen check dam and 2 nurseries) and Deoghar (4 gully control measure, 3 nala bank stabilization, 4 contour bunds and 7 nurseries).