Ageing in the 21 st Century: Opportunities and Challenges RESPONDING TO AGEING: WORKSHOP TO EXCHANGE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES Ha Noi, September 2013 Hanoi Melia Hotel

1.Global population ageing 2.A vital role in society 3.Challenges of population ageing 4.The way forward Content of the presentation

1. Global population ageing Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012)

1. Global population ageing

Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012) “Oldest old’ “Feminization of ageing”

1. Global population ageing

Source: UNDESA, Population Division (2012)

Asia is the fastest ageing region 1. Global population ageing

Thailand and Vietnam will be the Two Most Aged Countries in South East Asia in 2050 % of 60+ in Total Population, Global population ageing

Longevity dividend Social and cultural contributions: Caregiving and volunteering Economic contributions: Giving more than receiving Political contributions: Voting and decision- making 2. A vital role in society

Financial security Poverty and social exclusion – Linked to low income, lack of pension benefits, low literacy, poor health and malnutrition – Strong gender dimension in poverty – Multi-dimensional Social Exclusion Index: economic (income), social services (affordability and accessibility of health and education), participation (political participation and in social networks) 3. The challenges of population ageing

Pension beneficiaries worldwide

Mechanisms to reduce poverty in old age – Social transfers Extending pension coverage through non-contributory schemes Universal social pensions can be introduced for a moderate cost: range between 0.7% GDP to 2.6% GDP (for 60+) Reforming contributory pension systems: either by changing underlying parameters (parametric reforms) or by radically changing the design of the system (structural reforms) Private transfers and assets – Economic development and employment “Older persons should be enabled to continue with income generating work for as long as they want and for as long as they are able to do so productively.” (Madrid Plan, para. 22)  Need for policy change 3. The challenges of population ageing

Advancing health into old age The rise of non-communicable diseases – Biggest cause of death; Millions living with disabilities; Global concern on dementia, distress – Risk factors for chronic diseases: high blood pressure, smoking, and high blood glucose level Quality of care and rising healthcare costs: double cost burden in developing countries Poor conditions earlier in life place older people at risk of serious health problems 3. The challenges of population ageing

Prevalence of moderate and severe disability in adults aged 60+ by leading health condition associated with disability, in developed and developing countries

Approaches for healthy ageing – Change in health-care system in response to the change from CD to NCD – Training of care providers and health professionals – Prevention, early detection and effective management programmes – Promoting good health and healthy behaviours at all ages to prevent or delay the development of chronic disease 3. The challenges of population ageing

Age-friendly environments and Delivery human rights for older persons Improving infrastructure: aged-friendly cities Old age in migration: more older migrants and old age staying behind Ageing in climate change and protection in emergencies Supporting family caregivers Exposing elder abuse and discrimination Human rights challenges for older people: – discrimination; – poverty and inadequate living conditions; – violence and abuse against older people; and – lack of special measures, mechanisms and services for older people. 3. The challenges of population ageing

“Population ageing presents challenges for governments and society, but need not be seen as a crisis” Key points for consideration in decision-making: – Older persons’ participation in decision-making – Age-inclusive approach to stakeholders – Mainstreaming ageing and older persons Needs: – Challenge age discrimination – Ensure income security for all – Ensure access to quality health – Enhance capacity building, research and data – Budget allocation to develop, implement and evaluate evidence-based policies 4. The way forward

Thank you for your attention.