Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System Vardo Barsegyan, Sylvia Dhimdis, Matthew Ferrer, Dragos Guta, Jaesoon Lee, Arnold Martinez,

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Presentation transcript:

Constructing an Earthquake Seismometer and Early Warning System Vardo Barsegyan, Sylvia Dhimdis, Matthew Ferrer, Dragos Guta, Jaesoon Lee, Arnold Martinez, Kenneth Moreno, Annie Norm, Lorenzo Rulli, Bryan Sanchez

Presentation Overview Motivation Background: Seismology Design and Construction of the Seismometer Warning System Demonstration Summary June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer2

Earthquakes 500,000 deaths in past 5 years Injuries Homeless families Japan 9.0: Over $300 Billion June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer3

We can not predict earthquakes. But we can give early warning... June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer4

What is an Earthquake? June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer5

Body Waves June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer6

Propagation of Seismic Waves June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer7

Seismogram June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer8 Minimum Warning Time

How Can We Detect These Earthquakes? June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer9

Principles Applied  Newton’s Second Law  Hugyen’s Law  Faraday’s Law  Ohm’s Law  Damping/Resistance  Amplification  Digitization F=ma June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer10

Field Trip  Cal Tech Seismology Lab  Media Center  San Andreas Fault June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer11

System Overview June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer12

Building the Sensor June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer13

Old Seismograph June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer14

Building the Sensor Works as the mass of the pendulum Choosing the number of turns of the coil – – More turns equals more voltage but harder to damp June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer15

Building the Sensor Works as the “paper” of the sensor June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer16

Building the Sensor Frequencies of P and S waves: 0.8 to 4 Hertz T = 1/f Length of the pendulum Θ T T H June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer17

Building the Sensor June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer18 Pendulum Sensor Coil Magnet

Amplifier Voltage from background motion is ~.5µV Need at least 10 mV to display clearly Voltage(out)=Gain*Voltage(in) Gain ≈ 20,000

LabVIEW June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer20

LabVIEW June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer21

DEMONSTRATION June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer22

Problems False alarms from human movement in lab Learning lab view difficult Need faster Computers June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer23

Accomplishments/Summary Designed and built two seismometers capable of detecting ground motion down to 0.5µm per second Designed and built one node of a complete earthquake alert system Programmed seismometer data recording and retrieval system Reviewed the concepts from math, physics, geology, computer science and engineering needed for the project June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer24

QUESTIONS? June 22, 2012SITE Seismometer25