Kingdom Protista

Protist Kingdom Overview zsdYOgTbOk&feature=fvwrel zsdYOgTbOk&feature=fvwrel zsdYOgTbOk&feature=fvwrel zsdYOgTbOk&feature=fvwrel

If you look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the "little creatures" you see swimming around are protists. If you look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the "little creatures" you see swimming around are protists.

Kingdom Protista A protist is any organism not classified as a plant, animal, fungus, or bacterial cell. A protist is any organism not classified as a plant, animal, fungus, or bacterial cell. Many scientists argue that this kingdom should actually be split into several kingdoms. Many scientists argue that this kingdom should actually be split into several kingdoms.

Major Characteristics 1. cell structure: Eukaryotic 2. Most do not have cell walls. 3. Most are unicellular; some multicellular: some are colonial 4. Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Protists are organized into 3 main groups according to how they obtain food. Protists are organized into 3 main groups according to how they obtain food. Protists are either Protists are either Heterotrophic- animal-like Heterotrophic- animal-like Autotrophic- plant-like Autotrophic- plant-like External digestion- fungus-like External digestion- fungus-like

Animal-like Protists The animal-like protists are classified according to movement. The animal-like protists are classified according to movement.

A. Ciliates: A. Ciliates: movement by short hair like projections called cilia. Example: Paramecium movement by short hair like projections called cilia. Example: Paramecium Paramecium.asf Paramecium.asf Paramecium.asf

Sarcodines: Amoeba.asf Amoeba.asf movement by pseudopods (extensions of the cytoplasm); example: amoeba; capture food by surrounding it and taking it in as a food vacuole. movement by pseudopods (extensions of the cytoplasm); example: amoeba; capture food by surrounding it and taking it in as a food vacuole.

Zooflagellates: swim using flagella; absorb food through cell membrane; live in fresh water or may be parasitic; reproduce by mitosis (offspring identical to parent) or sexual (genetically different). swim using flagella; absorb food through cell membrane; live in fresh water or may be parasitic; reproduce by mitosis (offspring identical to parent) or sexual (genetically different).

Contractile vacoules helps a protist maintain equilibrium in a hypotonic (pure water) environment

Protists that are classified as pathogens are called sporozoans. They do not move at all. They are considered parasites Protists that are classified as pathogens are called sporozoans. They do not move at all. They are considered parasites Sporozoans.asf Sporozoans.asf Sporozoans.asf

Animal-like Protists and Disease: Malaria is one of the world's most infectious diseases Malaria is one of the world's most infectious diseases 2 million deaths per year 2 million deaths per year caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium and is carried by the Anopheles mosquito caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium and is carried by the Anopheles mosquito organism enters the host by the mosquito's saliva and attacks the liver and blood cells causing red blood cells to rupture organism enters the host by the mosquito's saliva and attacks the liver and blood cells causing red blood cells to rupture Symptoms include: high fever, delirious, chills. Symptoms include: high fever, delirious, chills. Plasmodium_Malaria.asf Plasmodium_Malaria.asf Plasmodium_Malaria.asf

Plasmodium Anopheles mosquito

African sleeping sickness: caused by the zoo flagellate, Trypanosoma caused by the zoo flagellate, Trypanosoma carried to its host by the tsetse fly carried to its host by the tsetse fly causes chills, rash, nerve damage leading to deep sleep and death. causes chills, rash, nerve damage leading to deep sleep and death.

Trypanosoma Tsetse fly

Amebic dysentery: severe diarrhea caused by the amoeba, Entamoeba severe diarrhea caused by the amoeba, Entamoeba spread through contaminated or untreated water spread through contaminated or untreated water attacks large intestine where it may cause bleeding. attacks large intestine where it may cause bleeding.

Giardia infection: severe diarrhea severe diarrhea caused by drinking contaminated water caused by drinking contaminated water

Plant like protists are classified as autotrophs. Algae are plantlike because they contain chloroplasts and undergo photosynthesis. Algae are plantlike because they contain chloroplasts and undergo photosynthesis. Plant Like Protozoa.asf Plant Like Protozoa.asf Plant Like Protozoa.asf Plant Like Protozoa.asf

Euglenophytes: Example: Euglena Example: Euglena These organisms are more similar to animal like protista These organisms are more similar to animal like protista They are algae with flagella and no cell wall. They are algae with flagella and no cell wall. Euglena.asf Euglena.asf Euglena.asf

Diatoms: Have thin cell walls, rich in silicon, the main component of glass; Have thin cell walls, rich in silicon, the main component of glass; The glass like diatoms are used as abrasives, polishes and filtering. The glass like diatoms are used as abrasives, polishes and filtering. They also give sparkle in some reflective paints. They also give sparkle in some reflective paints. Diatoms.asf Diatoms.asfDiatoms.asf

DIATOMS

Dinoflagellates: may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic they may grow in enormous numbers (bloom) they may grow in enormous numbers (bloom) some release poisonous toxins into the water causing fish and other seafood to become toxic to humans. some release poisonous toxins into the water causing fish and other seafood to become toxic to humans. RED TIDE!!!!!!!!! RED TIDE!!!!!!!!!

Multicellular Algae Multicellular Algae Red Algae: red pigment allows this algae to live very deep in water. Red Algae: red pigment allows this algae to live very deep in water. Brown Algae: very large, up to 60 meters long (pacific ocean kelp forests) Brown Algae: very large, up to 60 meters long (pacific ocean kelp forests) Green algae: may live as unicellular, or multicellular organisms. Green algae: may live as unicellular, colonial or multicellular organisms. Algae provides are planet with most of the worlds oxygen. Algae provides are planet with most of the worlds oxygen.

Fungus-like Protists: heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter Eukaryotic Eukaryotic decomposers decomposers Examples: Slime molds (found often in damp mulch beds) and water molds (grow on decaying matter in water). Examples: Slime molds (found often in damp mulch beds) and water molds (grow on decaying matter in water). The water mold produced the potato blight that drove a million Irish farmers to America from ; another million starved to death! The water mold produced the potato blight that drove a million Irish farmers to America from ; another million starved to death!