BIOL 204 – Lab 13 The Reproductive System - Anatomy

Objective 1Structures of the Male Reproductive Tract A.The Scrotum LocationStructureFunction(s) located outside of theis a pouch of thin, darkhold the testes outside of the body cavity; belowskinbody cavity the root of the penis and the pubic the walls of the scrotum symphysiscontain the dartos muscle which, when contracted, gives the scrotum a wrinkled appearance contains numerous sebaceous glands the cremaster muscle raises and lowers the testes to ensure proper temperature for sperm production Scrotum

Tubules LocationStructureFunction Epididymus superior aspectcomma shapedadsorb excess testicular fluid of each testetube in a coiland secrete factors that make (6 m long)more mature and motile has a head, a body and a tail Epididymus (Pink) H = head B = body T = tail

The Testes LocationStructureFunction(s) Each teste lies obliquely-oval; weight g-spermatogensis in the scrotum-4cmX 3cm X 2.5 cm-manufactures hormones supplied by the testicular artery and the testicular vein each teste is covered by a white, inelastic capsule called the tunica albuginea internally the teste is divided into 150 lobules each lobule has 1-3seminiferous tubules

LocationStructureFunction Vas (Ductus) travels upwardan epithelial tubecarries sperm into the body Deferens into the body about 45 cmcavity cavity as partlong; the expanded of the spermaticend is called the cordampulla it arches medially over the ureter anddescends along the posterior wall of the urinary bladder

LocationStructureFunction Ejaculatory Duct passes from thea short, 3cmcarries semen from the vas deferensepithelial tubevas deferens to the through theurethra prostate gland, to the urethra

LocationStructureFunction Urethra extends from thethere are threecarries both urine and urinary bladderportions:semen to the surface of the to the tip of thebody penis Prostatic portion: 2.5 cm long; begins at the internal urethral orifice and extends throughthe prostate gland Membranous portion: 1.5 cm long; travels through the urogenital diaphragm; the bulbourethral glands are at either side Penile portion: 15 cm long; travels through the penis in the corpus spongiosum

Glands StuctureLocationFunction(s) Seminal vesicles lobular, pairedposterior aspect produce about 1.5 to 3 ml of sticky glands about 5 cmof the bladderyellow fluid that contains fructose longand other nutrients for sperm and prostaglandins and vasciculase, a coagulating enzyme

StructureLocationFunction(s) Prostate Gland a single, donutencircles theproduces ml of shaped glandurethra at theslightly acidic fluid which base of thecontains enzymes which bladderactivate and nourish sperm

Prostate adrenocarcinoma – note whitish area at the periphery

StructureLocationFunction(s) Bulbourethral small, pairedlocated in theproduce a few drops of Glands glandsurogenitalalkaline mucus which helps diaphragm,to neutralize vaginal acids inferior to the prostate gland

E. The Penis The penis is composed of tissue organized into three columns: (2) corpora cavernosa and (1) corpus spongiosum -the corpora cavernosa contains vascular sinuses -the corpus spongiosum contains the penile urethra; it expands at its end to form the glans penis; the glans is covered by a loose fold of tissue called the prepuce (foreskin)

Nerve Supply: -sensory (pudendal and ilioinguinal nerves) -Motor (pudendal to muscles; ANS via the pelvic splanchnic nerve -SNS causes vasoconstriction and PNS causes vasodilation Blood Supply -the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery -The internal pudendal veins and the external pudendal veins; there are also two dorsal veins

Objective 2Histology Microscopic Anatomy of the Penis – X Section

Testes

Sperm

Objective 3Gross Anatomy - Female Note the uterus (with fundus, myometrium, cervix, perimetrium, endometrium, body); the ovaries, uterine tubes (with fimbriae), vagina, and the ligaments (suspensory ligament, broad ligament, ovarian ligament, round ligament)

Lateral View -

Ovary and Fallopian Tube of a Multiparous Woman

Ovary with Ligament Fallopian Tube

Ovaries, Uterine Tubes, Uterus and Vagina of a 40 year old multparous woman

Uterus, Unfixed

Female Breast Anatomy

Objective 4Ovary -Histology

A benign Paratubular Cyst

Primary Follicles Graafian Follicles Corpus Luteum

Ectopic Pregnancy 1

Bicornuate Uterus Rare in humans – this woman never carried a fetus to term